Floor element comprising a top layer (102) attached to a substrate layer (104), in which the top layer (102) is itself layered, the top layer (102) comprising: —an optional backing layer (122) made of flexible polymer, —a flexible or semi-rigid polymer layer (124), onto or into which optionally at least one reinforcing layer (126) is attached or embedded, and —a finishing layer comprising a decorative layer (132), a wearing layer (134) thereon and optionally a coating (136) thereon; the substrate layer (104) being a rigid substrate layer.

This invention provides low dust low density gypsum wallboard products having high total core void volumes, corresponding to low densities in the range of about 10 to 30 pcf. The wallboards have a set gypsum core formed between two substantially parallel cover sheets, the set gypsum core preferably having a total void volume from about 80% to about 92%, and made from a slurry including stucco, pregelatinized starch, and a naphthalenesulfonate dispersant. The combination of the pregelatinized starch and the naphthalenesulfonate dispersant also provides a glue-like effect in binding the set gypsum crystals together. The wallboard formulation, along with small air bubble voids (and water voids) provides dust control during cutting, sawing, routing, snapping, nailing or screwing down, or drilling of the gypsum-containing products. This invention also provides a method of making the low dust low density gypsum products including the introduction of soap foam in an amount sufficient to form a total void volume, including air voids, preferably from about 80% to about 92% in the set gypsum core, corresponding to a set gypsum core density from about 10 pcf to about 30 pcf. The wallboards produced by the method generate significantly less dust during working.

This invention provides low dust low density gypsum wallboard products having high total core void volumes, corresponding to low densities in the range of about 10 to 30 pcf. The wallboards have a set gypsum core formed between two substantially parallel cover sheets, the set gypsum core preferably having a total void volume from about 80% to about 92%, and made from a slurry including stucco, pregelatinized starch, and a naphthalenesulfonate dispersant. The combination of the pregelatinized starch and the naphthalenesulfonate dispersant also provides a glue-like effect in binding the set gypsum crystals together. The wallboard formulation, along with small air bubble voids (and water voids) provides dust control during cutting, sawing, routing, snapping, nailing or screwing down, or drilling of the gypsum-containing products. This invention also provides a method of making the low dust low density gypsum products including the introduction of soap foam in an amount sufficient to form a total void volume, including air voids, preferably from about 80% to about 92% in the set gypsum core, corresponding to a set gypsum core density from about 10 pcf to about 30 pcf. The wallboards produced by the method generate significantly less dust during working.

A sheathing material includes a layer of ceramic paper to help prevent the burning of the sheathing during a fire. The material may include insulation disposed between the ceramic paper and the substrate to further reduce damage to the substrate, and may include a thin layer of wood or paper placed over the ceramic paper to protect the ceramic paper and to allow the sheathing to be used in a manner similar to that of a conventional sheathing material.

A sheathing material includes a layer of ceramic paper to help prevent the burning of the sheathing during a fire. The material may include insulation disposed between the ceramic paper and the substrate to further reduce damage to the substrate, and may include a thin layer of wood or paper placed over the ceramic paper to protect the ceramic paper and to allow the sheathing to be used in a manner similar to that of a conventional sheathing material.

Composite panels and methods of preparation are described herein. In some embodiments, the composite panel can include a first fiber reinforcement, a polyurethane composite having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, wherein the first surface is in contact with the first fiber reinforcement; and a cementitious material adjacent the first fiber reinforcement opposite the polyurethane composite. The polyurethane composite can be formed from (i) one or more isocyanates selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates, polyisocyanates, and mixtures thereof, (ii) one or more polyols, and (iii) a particulate filler. The fiber reinforcement can be formed from a woven or non-woven material, such as glass fibers. The composite panel can further include a material, such as a second fiber reinforcement and a cementitious layer, in contact with the second surface of the polyurethane composite. Articles comprising the composite panels are also disclosed.

Composite panels and methods of preparation are described herein. In some embodiments, the composite panel can include a first fiber reinforcement, a polyurethane composite having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface, wherein the first surface is in contact with the first fiber reinforcement; and a cementitious material adjacent the first fiber reinforcement opposite the polyurethane composite. The polyurethane composite can be formed from (i) one or more isocyanates selected from the group consisting of diisocyanates, polyisocyanates, and mixtures thereof, (ii) one or more polyols, and (iii) a particulate filler. The fiber reinforcement can be formed from a woven or non-woven material, such as glass fibers. The composite panel can further include a material, such as a second fiber reinforcement and a cementitious layer, in contact with the second surface of the polyurethane composite. Articles comprising the composite panels are also disclosed.

A reinforced water-resistant board includes a cover board with a reinforced water-resistant membrane applied to a surface of the cover board. The reinforced water-resistant membrane includes a primer layer, a reinforced membrane, a traffic coat, and a sealing layer. The primer layer is applied over the surface of the cover board. The reinforced membrane includes fleece soaked in a liquid resin and is applied over the primer layer. The traffic coat is bonded to the reinforced member. The sealing layer is applied over the traffic coat.

A reinforced water-resistant board includes a cover board with a reinforced water-resistant membrane applied to a surface of the cover board. The reinforced water-resistant membrane includes a primer layer, a reinforced membrane, a traffic coat, and a sealing layer. The primer layer is applied over the surface of the cover board. The reinforced membrane includes fleece soaked in a liquid resin and is applied over the primer layer. The traffic coat is bonded to the reinforced member. The sealing layer is applied over the traffic coat.

A roof system comprising a roof substrate, a first membrane including first and second opposed planar surfaces, and a second membrane including opposed first and second planar surfaces, where said second membrane is adhered to said roof substrate through an adhesive disposed on said roof-substrate contacting portion of the first membrane, and where said second membrane is adhered to said first membrane through said adhesive disposed on a lap portion of said second membrane.