A vehicle cargo construct includes a floor, a plurality of side wall panels extending from the floor, and an end wall panel extending from the floor between the plurality of side wall panels. The floor has an upper surface and an oppositely opposed lower surface. Each of the plurality of side wall panels has an exterior surface and an oppositely opposed interior surface. The end wall panel has an exterior surface and an oppositely opposed interior surface. Each of the floor, the plurality of side wall panels, and the end wall panel being formed of a composite sandwich panel material formed of an open area core defining a plurality of pores, a surface sheet adhered to a first face of the open area core by a first adhesive layer, and a structural skin adhered to a second face of the open area core by a second adhesive layer.

An object of the present invention is to obtain a fiber-reinforced composite material achieving both lightweight properties and mechanical properties at a high level. The present invention provides a fiber-reinforced composite material including a resin (A) and a reinforcing fiber (B), and having: a porous structure portion having micropores with an average pore diameter of 500 μm or less as measured by a mercury intrusion method; and a coarse cavity portion defined by the porous structure portion and having a maximum length of more than 500 μm as a cross-sectional opening portion.

A polymer bilayer includes a layer of a porous fluoropolymer directly overlying a layer of polyethylene. The polyethylene layer may be porous or dense and may include an ultra-high molecular weight polymer. The polymer bilayer may be co-integrated with structures (e.g., wearable devices) exposed to high thermal loads (>0-1000 W/m.sup.2) and provide passive cooling thereof. For instance, passive cooling of AR/VR glasses under different solar loads may be achieved by a polymer bilayer that is both highly reflective across solar heating wavelengths and highly emissive in the long-wavelength infrared. The high reflectance decreases energy absorption across the solar spectrum while the high emissivity promotes radiative heat transfer to the surroundings.

Provided herein are seam tapes and related methods. The seam tapes can be compatible with polyolefin-based waterproof/breathable (w/b) membranes, including polypropylene (PP) w/b membranes and/or polyethylene (PE) w/b membranes. Also provided are seams sealed by means of these seam tapes, as well as materials, fabrics, and garments including one or more of these sealed seams.

The invention relates to a surface temperature-controlling device, in particular for use in vehicles, comprising a first air-distributing layer which has multiple air inlets extending through the first air-distributing layer and multiple air outlets extending through the first air-distributing layer, and a second air-distributing layer which fluidically connects air inlets and air outlets of the first air-distributing layer, wherein the air inlets are designed to introduce pre-heated or pre-cooled air into the second air-distributing layer, and the air outlets are designed to discharge air out of the second air-distributing layer.

In an aspect, a cap liner comprises a sintered fluoropolymer layer; and a backing layer; wherein the sintered fluoropolymer layer is in direct physical contact with the backing layer with no intervening layer located there between. In another aspect, a method of forming the cap liner of comprises plasma etching the sintered fluoropolymer layer to form a sintered plasma etched layer; and laminating the sintered plasma etched layer and the backing layer to form the cap liner.

Described herein is a multilayer microporous film or membrane that may exhibit improved properties, including improved dielectric break down and strength, compared to prior monolayer or tri-layer microporous membranes of the same thickness. The preferred multilayer microporous membrane comprises microlayers and one or more lamination barriers. Also disclosed is a battery separator or battery comprising one or more of the multilayer microporous films or membranes. The inventive battery and battery separator is preferably safer and more robust than batteries and battery separators using prior monolayer and tri-layer microporous membranes. Also, described herein is a method for making the multilayer microporous separators, membranes or films described herein.

Method for making a porous graphene layer of a thickness of less than 100 nm with pores having an average size in the range of 5-900 nm, includes the following steps: providing a catalytically active substrate catalyzing graphene formation under chemical vapor deposition conditions, the catalytically active substrate in or on its surface being provided with a plurality of catalytically inactive domains having a size essentially corresponding to the size of the pores in the resultant porous graphene layer; chemical vapor deposition using a carbon source in the gas phase and formation of the porous graphene layer on the surface of the catalytically active substrate. The pores in the graphene layer are in situ formed due to the presence of the catalytically inactive domains.

A method of forming a component includes additively manufacturing a first subcomponent, the first subcomponent including a first polymer material with a first porosity. The method further includes mating the first subcomponent with a second subcomponent and ultrasonically welding the first subcomponent to the second subcomponent at a weld frequency. The first porosity can be 5% or less.

Provided is a method for making a porous graphene layer of a thickness of less than 100 nm, including the following steps: providing a catalytically active substrate, said catalytically active substrate on its surface being provided with a plurality of catalytically inactive domains having a size essentially corresponding to the size of the pores in the resultant porous graphene layer; and chemical vapour deposition and formation of the porous graphene layer on the surface of the catalytically active substrate;. The catalytically active substrate is a copper-nickel alloy substrate with a copper content in the range of 98 to less than 99.96% by weight and a nickel content in the range of more than 0.04-2% by weight, the copper and nickel contents complementing to 100% by weight of the catalytically active substrate.