Disclosed is an aqueous composition for surface coating, including: a main ingredient comprising a first compound having at least two functional groups selected from the group consisting of a carboxyl group, a hydroxyl group, an amino group and combinations thereof, per molecule; a curing agent comprising a second compound having at least two functional groups selected from the group consisting of an aziridine group, an isocyanate group, a carbodiimide group and combinations thereof, per molecule; and an aqueous solvent. Further, an automotive sheet using the aqueous composition for surface coating is disclosed.

A cellular structure may include a plurality of cells each having a twelve-cornered cross section. The twelve-cornered cross section may include twelve sides and twelve corners creating eight internal angles and four external angles. Each cell may include a plurality of longitudinal walls extending between a top and a bottom of the cell, the longitudinal walls intersecting to create corners of the cell. A structural component may include at least one wall surrounding a component interior space with a cellular structure having at least two cells being positioned within the interior space. A sandwich structure may include first and second substantially planar structures, and a cellular structure with at least two cells positioned between the first and second substantially planar structures.

Implementation described and claimed herein include a cushioning structure and method for manufacturing a cellular cushioning system, which allows for maximum comfort through the compression and shock cycle. Specifically, a cushioning structure comprises void cells formed in an array, which comprise multiple outwardly curved surfaces, with varying radius measurements. Stiffness in the void cells can vary by varying the Radii. Outwardly curved surfaces prevent buckling and provide support for high impact by absorbing energy.

A method of making an inflatable panel that includes the steps of: superimposing a second layer of a material of low gas permeability upon a first layer of a material of low gas permeability; creating a plurality of first elongated seals by intermittently sealing together the first and second layers, thereby defining a plurality of first tubes between adjacent pairs of the first elongated seals. The method also includes sealing rear ends of the first tubes; inflating the first tubes from front ends thereof with a gas; and then sealing the front ends of the first tubes, such that the gas within each of said tubes is prevented from flowing between the first tubes.

A substrate having inner and outer major surfaces, a plurality of edge surfaces, and a plurality of corner surfaces; and at least one of: (i) a coating applied over a limited area of the outer major surface of the substrate to produce a composite structure, (ii) an intermediate layer applied to the inner major surface of the substrate, and (iii) an elongate discontinuity disposed at one or more corners of the substrate, each of which operates to reduce catastrophic failures in the substrate resulting from a dynamic sharp impact to the outer major surface of the substrate.

An air bag packaging arrangement and a self-adhesive checking valve, the air bag packaging arrangement includes an air bag and an air valve which is the self-adhesive checking valve. The air bag includes first and second cell overlapped layers to form an air chamber and a valve opening. The air valve includes first and second sealing films overlapped between the first and second cell layers, and a strengthening film provided between the first valve film and the first cell film to strengthen a joint strength between the first valve film and the first cell film, so as to prevent the first valve film from being broken, so as to further avoid an air leakage.

The protective packaging product includes superimposed upper and lower honeycomb layers 1 and 2 extending between a pair of flexible side members 3 and 4. Each honeycomb layer is formed of flexible paper strips arranged face-to-face and bonded to each other at a series of spaced attachment locations. The honeycomb layers are expandable to form an array of hexagonal cells which are open at both ends. An item such as a surfboard can be inserted between the layers 1 and 2 so that the layers and the flexible side members conform to the shape of the surfboard and protect it against impact damage.

An improved expandable slit-sheet stock material is configured to aid in temporarily restricting opening of a plurality of slits of the slit-sheet stock material, such as during winding of the unexpanded stock material or during expansion of the stock material. Each slit of the plurality of slits includes one or more un-slit reinforcement portions, such as reinforcement ties, extending fully between opposite longitudinal sides of the slit, and disposed between opposed transverse endpoints of the slit. The reinforcement ties minimize or prevent tearing of the stock material during the winding or expansion. A dunnage conversion system for expanding the slit-sheet stock material includes an expander having a pair of opposed rollers. The rollers engage the stock material to effect breaking of the un-slit reinforcement portions and expansion of the slit-sheet stock material.

This invention relates to a protective article comprising first and second walls. Each of the walls includes superimposed plies enclosing an expansion space therebetween, and an expandable composite disposed in the expansion space. The expandable composite includes an emulsion polyolefin dispersion and a plurality of expandable microspheres. The expandable microspheres are configured to cause the emulsion polyolefin dispersion to expand upon activation of the expandable microspheres. The invention further relates to an expandable web comprising a first ply, second ply and an expandable composite deposited between the first ply and the second ply. The invention further relates to a method for making an expandable protective article.

This invention relates to a protective article comprising first and second walls. Each of the walls includes superimposed plies enclosing an expansion space therebetween, and an expandable composite disposed in the expansion space. The expandable composite includes a biodegradable matrix, and a plurality of cellulose-based expandable microspheres. The expandable microspheres are configured to cause the biodegradable matrix to expand upon activation of the expandable microspheres. The invention further relates to an expandable web comprising a first ply, second ply and an expandable composite deposited between the first ply and the second ply. The invention further relates to a method for making an expandable protective article.