A highly reliable multilayer structure element substrate according to an embodiment of this present invention comprises: an electrothermal transducer; a temperature detection element formed at a position where the temperature detection element at least partially overlaps the electrothermal transducer in a planar view of the element substrate; and a plurality of wirings connected to the temperature detection element, wherein the temperature detection element can detect temperatures in a plurality of regions when a plurality of different wirings out of the plurality of wirings are selected.

An inkjet head driving method includes applying a voltage signal having a combined drive waveform that includes unit drive waveforms to a pressure generator and causing a nozzle to jet ink droplets such that the droplets land on a medium as one droplet. Each unit drive waveform includes a first pulse waveform for jetting a droplet and a second pulse waveform for pulling back the jetted droplet. The first and second pulse waveforms each include an expansion part for expanding a pressure chamber and a following contraction part for contracting the chamber. The combined drive waveform includes a first unit drive waveform and a following second unit drive waveform. A voltage amplitude of the contraction part of the second pulse waveform in the second unit waveform is greater than that of the contraction part of the second pulse waveform in the first unit drive waveform.

An inkjet recording device including: inkjet head having a pressure chamber; a first pressure source to adjust ink energy per unit volume to generate “energy per unit volume” P1(Pa) relative to static ink at an atmospheric pressure at a nozzle opening height; a second pressure source to adjust ink energy per unit volume to generate “energy per unit volume” P2(Pa) relative to static ink; and a hardware processor. The first pressure source, pressure chamber, and second pressure source are connected in this order by a flow path. Assuming that a pressure loss occurring from the first pressure source to the nozzle due to circulation flow rate is ΔPa, a proportionality constant of a differential pressure (P1−P2) and ΔPa is “a”, and an appropriate pressure in vicinity of the nozzle opening is Pn, the hardware processor controls pressure to establish P2={Pn−(1−a)P1}/a.

In an example of the disclosure, a web media is advanced through a printer during a printing operation, Tractor-feed holes in a tractor-feed lane of the web media are detected utilizing a sensor and counted as the web media advances. When the count of tractor-feed holes reaches a target tractor-feed hole n, a fiducial detection period is started wherein a sensor is utilized to detect a fiducial. A printing adjustment is determined based upon a time or time period that the fiducial is detected during the fiducial detection period.

A liquid discharging apparatus, having a liquid discharging head, a relatively-movable device, and a controller, is provided. The controller controls the liquid discharging head and the relatively-movable device to record a plurality of relative movement adjuster patterns, arranged at different positions in an arrayed direction, and a different pattern, arranged side by side with the plurality of relative movement adjuster patterns along a direction orthogonal to an arrayed direction on a same liquid-discharge objective medium. The controller controls the relatively-movable device, after recording at least one of the plurality of relative movement adjuster patterns, and before recording a next one of the plurality of relative movement adjuster patterns next to the at least one of the plurality of relative movement adjuster patterns, to perform a relative moving action by a moving amount different from a predetermined relative moving amount for recording the different pattern at least once.

Devices, systems, and methods (a) receive a predetermined fluid drop volume and an array of cells, wherein each cell in the array is associated with a respective predetermined fluid volume; (b) scan the array of cells according to a scanning sequence for a next unassigned cell and add the next unassigned cell to a respective fill set; (c) add unassigned cells neighboring the next unassigned cell to the respective fill set until an aggregate of the respective predetermined fluid volumes of the cells in the respective fill set equals or exceeds the predetermined fluid drop volume; (d) place a fluid drop in the drop pattern within an area associated with the respective fill set and mark all cells in the respective fill set as assigned; and (e) repeat (b)-(d) until all cells in the array of cells have been assigned and the drop pattern has been generated.

a first sloped portion that is provided between the first wall surface and the third wall surface includes a first constituting surface that extends in a third direction between the first direction and the second direction.

An object is to enable highly accurate density unevenness correction while suppressing a reduction in productivity of printing accompanying correction value calculation for density unevenness correction. In the image processing apparatus, density correction information that specifies an output tone value for implementing a target density for an input tone value for each nozzle and which does not include the influence by a non-ejectable nozzle that cannot eject ink normally is acquired. In a case where a non-ejectable nozzle is detected during printing processing, output tone values corresponding to the detected non-ejectable nozzle and peripheral nozzles thereof among output tone values specified in the density correction information are changed.

A head module includes: a first control circuit; a first head having first nozzles configured to discharge liquid, the first head being electrically connected to the first control circuit; and a sensor electrically connected to the first control circuit and configured to detect an image formed on a recording medium. The first head has a first nozzle surface extended in a first direction and a second direction intersecting with the first direction, and the first nozzle surface includes a first region in which the first nozzles are formed along the first direction. The sensor includes a light-receiving element which has a light-receiving surface extended in the first direction and the second direction. In the first direction, a position of the light-receiving element is same as a position of the first region.

An aspect of the present disclosure is a liquid ejection apparatus including: a liquid ejection head including a conversion element that generates energy required to eject liquid, a first protection layer that blocks contact between the conversion element and the liquid, a second protection layer that partially covers the first protection layer and functions as a first electrode, a second electrode that is electrically connected to the first electrode through the liquid, and an ejection port that ejects the liquid, and a control unit configured to control a potential difference between the first electrode and the second electrode in printing to a predetermined value by changing at least one of potentials of the first electrode and the second electrode. The control unit sets the potential difference based on at least one of a condition and a configuration of the liquid ejection head.