An actuator includes a deformable thin-film member having an opening, an electromechanical conversion element disposed at a periphery of the opening of the deformable thin-film member, an insulating film covering the electromechanical conversion element, a protective film over a surface of the insulating film, the protective film covering the surface of the insulating film and a surface of an electrode wiring connected to the electromechanical conversion element, and an adhesion improving film disposed between the electrode wiring and the protective film.

A piezoelectric device includes a substrate on which a plurality of recesses are arranged in a first direction, a vibration plate, and a piezoelectric actuator having a first electrode, a second electrode and a third electrode, a fourth electrode, and a piezoelectric layer, in which a plurality of active portions are provided, the second electrode and the third electrode are provided from an edge of a region facing a recess to an outside of the recess, the first electrode is formed between the second electrode and the third electrode, and the fourth electrode configures a common electrode for the plurality of active portions.

The individual flow path includes a nozzle communicating with an outside, a first flow path, in the middle of which the nozzle is disposed and which extends in a first direction that is an in-plane direction of a nozzle surface of the nozzle plate in which the nozzle opens, a second flow path coupled to the first flow path and extending in a second direction other than the first direction, a third flow path coupled to the second flow path and extending in the third direction other than the second direction, and a pressure chamber which is disposed in the third flow path and in which a pressure change is induced by the energy generating element. A cross-sectional area of the first flow path is smaller than a cross-sectional area of the second flow path.

One example provides a fluidic die including a nozzle layer disposed on a substrate, the nozzle layer having an upper surface opposite the substrate and including a plurality of nozzles formed therein, each nozzle including a fluid chamber and a nozzle orifice extending through the nozzle layer from the upper surface to the fluid chamber. A conductive trace is exposed to the upper surface of the nozzle layer and extends proximate to a portion of the nozzle orifices, an impedance of the conductive trace indicative of a surface condition of the upper surface of the nozzle layer.

A liquid ejecting apparatus includes a drive element, and a drive circuit that outputs a drive signal that drives the drive element, wherein the drive circuit includes a modulation circuit that modulates a base drive signal to output a modulation signal, an amplifier circuit that amplifies the modulation signal to output an amplified modulation signal, a demodulation circuit that demodulates the amplified modulation signal to output the drive signal, and a substrate on which the modulation circuit, the amplifier circuit, and the demodulation circuit are provided, wherein the substrate includes a base material includes a metal and a first layer laminated on the base material, wherein the first layer includes a first propagation wire through which at least one of the amplified modulation signal and the drive signal propagates, and wherein the base material has a thickness greater than a thickness of the first layer.

A liquid discharge head is configured to discharge a liquid, and the liquid discharge head includes an actuator substrate and a holding substrate bonded to the actuator substrate. The actuator substrate includes a pressure generator, and a wiring electrode configured to electrically connect the pressure generator and an exterior of the liquid discharge head. The holding substrate includes an opening configured to expose the wiring electrode to the exterior of the liquid discharge head, and a detection surface adjacent to the opening, the detection surface having a higher reflectance than a surface of the wiring electrode of the actuator substrate.

A die for a printhead is provided in examples. The die includes a number of fluidic actuator arrays. A data block is associated with each of the plurality of fluidic actuator arrays. The die includes an interface comprising a data pad and a clock pad, wherein a data bit value present at the data pad is loaded into a first data block corresponding to a first fluidic actuator array on a rising clock edge and loaded into a second data block corresponding to a second fluidic actuator array on a falling clock edge.

There is provided a liquid discharge apparatus including: an amplifier circuit that outputs an amplified modulated signal by driving a transistor; a demodulation circuit that includes an inductance element and outputs the driving signal, in which the inductance element includes a first side portion provided with a first terminal, a second side portion positioned facing the first side portion and provided with the second terminal, a third side portion intersecting with the first side portion and the second side portion, a lead member coupled to the first terminal and the second terminal, and a shortest distance between the transistor and the third side portion is equal to or shorter than a shortest distance between the transistor and the first side portion, and is equal to or shorter than a shortest distance between the transistor and the second side portion.

A liquid discharge head unit includes a liquid discharge head that has a first detection resistor that is provided to correspond to a first piezoelectric element group, a second detection resistor that is provided to correspond to a second piezoelectric element group, a power supply circuit that causes a current to flow through the first detection resistor and the second detection resistor, a voltage detection circuit that detects a voltage, and a switching circuit that is configured to switch between a first state in which the voltage detection circuit is configured to detect a voltage generated in the first detection resistor due to the current flowing from the power supply circuit and a second state in which the voltage detection circuit is configured to detect a voltage generated in the second detection resistor due to the current flowing from the power supply circuit.

An inkjet recording head comprising a flow channel member, wherein the flow channel member is formed of a heat-cured product of a molding material comprising a resin composition comprising a thermosetting epoxy resin and a curing agent, and a filler; the filler comprises alumina and silica; and with d50 as a median diameter of the silica and with alumina A as the alumina having a median diameter of d50/4 or less, the content of the alumina A is 11 parts by mass or more relative to 100 parts by mass of the silica.