Described herein are bioprinters comprising: one or more printer heads, wherein a printer head comprises a means for receiving and holding at least one cartridge, and wherein said cartridge comprises contents selected from one or more of: bio-ink and support material; a means for calibrating the position of at least one cartridge; and a means for dispensing the contents of at least one cartridge. Further described herein are methods for fabricating a tissue construct, comprising: a computer module receiving input of a visual representation of a desired tissue construct; a computer module generating a series of commands, wherein the commands are based on the visual representation and are readable by a bioprinter; a computer module providing the series of commands to a bioprinter; and the bioprinter depositing bio-ink and support material according to the commands to form a construct with a defined geometry.

Described herein are bioprinters comprising: one or more printer heads, wherein a printer head comprises a means for receiving and holding at least one cartridge, and wherein said cartridge comprises contents selected from one or more of: bio-ink and support material; a means for calibrating the position of at least one cartridge; and a means for dispensing the contents of at least one cartridge. Further described herein are methods for fabricating a tissue construct, comprising: a computer module receiving input of a visual representation of a desired tissue construct; a computer module generating a series of commands, wherein the commands are based on the visual representation and are readable by a bioprinter; a computer module providing the series of commands to a bioprinter; and the bioprinter depositing bio-ink and support material according to the commands to form a construct with a defined geometry.

A method for controlling a regenerated chip, a regenerated chip, and a regenerated ink cartridge are provided. The regenerated chip is electrically connected to a printer by means of a first data signal wire and a logic signal wire, and is electrically connected to an ink cartridge chip by means of a second data signal wire. The method for controlling a regenerated chip includes: detecting an operation command sent by the printer by means of the first data signal wire and the logic signal wire; and when it is detected that the operation command is not a selected operation command, sending a data signal to the ink cartridge chip by means of the second data signal wire, wherein the data signal instructs the ink cartridge chip to communicate with the printer.

An example printing material cartridge includes a reservoir storing printing material to supply a printing apparatus and a storage medium storing process instructions for controlling the recirculation process in the printing apparatus.

A liquid container is removably mountable into the apparatus body of a liquid ejection apparatus. The liquid container comprises a liquid storage chamber equipped with an air intake hole and a liquid supply port, for storing liquid and a valve unit having a sealing member and an urging member. The urging member is arranged so as to be at least partly rotationally movable and the urging member has urging force for urging the sealing member in the direction of making the sealing member abut the air intake hole. The sealing member is rotationally movable between a position of abutting and closing the air intake hole and a position separated from the air intake hole so as to open the air intake hole in response to a rotary motion of the urging member.

In one embodiment a print liquid supply apparatus is provided to supply liquid to a liquid needle of a receiving station comprising a liquid container including an at least partially collapsible liquid reservoir an interface structure at a side of the container, including a liquid channel that includes a reservoir connecting portion that fluidically connects to the reservoir and a needle receiving portion to allow the liquid to flow from the reservoir to the needle; a liquid interface of the liquid channel adjacent the needle receiving portion and at a distance from the reservoir connecting portion, a front wall and/or edge adjacent the liquid interface including a push area which is disposed between the liquid interface and the container; and at least one key pen base and key pen protruding from the base in a direction parallel and opposite to the needle insertion direction; and a contact pad array next to the needle receiving liquid channel portion. In another example a sub-assembly of such apparatus is provided.

A copolymer including a structural unit represented by General Formula (1) below, and a structural unit represented by General Formula (2) below,

##STR00001##

where, in General Formula (1), R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, L.sup.1 is an alkylene group having 2 or greater carbon atoms but 5 or less carbon atoms, and X is a hydrogen atom or a cation,

##STR00002##

where, in General Formula (2), R.sup.2 is a hydrogen atom or a methyl group and L.sup.2 is an alkylene group having 2 or greater carbon atoms but 18 or less carbon atoms.

A discharger is configured to discharge liquid in a liquid channel to outside the liquid channel The liquid is at least one of first liquid and second liquid different from the first liquid. An agitator is configured to agitate the liquid in the liquid channel When executed by a processor, instructions cause the processor to perform: an introducing process of, when the second liquid exists in the liquid channel, controlling the discharger to discharge the second liquid to outside the liquid channel and to introduce the first liquid from the tank into the liquid channel; an agitating process of, after the introducing process, controlling the agitator to agitate the liquid in the liquid channel; and a discharging process of, after the agitating process, controlling the discharger to discharge the liquid in the liquid channel agitated by the agitator to outside the liquid channel

An ink composition includes water, a co-solvent, a colorant, and a modified polymer or copolymer additive. The modified polymer or copolymer additive is selected from the group consisting of i) a hydrolyzed poly(isobutylene-alt-maleic anhydride), ii) a hydrolyzed poly(maleic anhydride-alt-1-octadecene), and iii) a modified polymer or copolymer. The modified polymer or copolymer includes a repeating unit of a backbone chain, and a long chain pendant group attached to a carbon atom of the repeating unit. In the backbone chain, the long chain pendant group of the repeating unit is separated by fewer than 8 spacer carbon atoms from another long chain pendant group of an adjacent repeating unit.

A printing-fluid containing device configured to be inserted into a cartridge attachment section in an insertion direction includes: a printing-fluid cartridge and an adaptor to which the cartridge is detachably assembled. The cartridge includes: a casing; a supply portion; a detection portion; and an engagement portion. The adaptor includes: an adaptor body; and an electrical interface. The detection portion includes a light accessible portion accessed by light from an outside of the cartridge. The engagement portion is engageable with the cartridge attachment section. The adaptor body has a front wall at its leading end in the insertion direction. The front wall has an opening through which the supply portion extends. The electrical interface is disposed on an outer surface of the adaptor body and electrically connectable to an electric contact of the cartridge attachment section.