A method for printing on a substrate comprises two steps. The first step consists essentially of: applying onto a substrate one or more layers of an energy curable ink and applying one or more layers of a water-based coating over the top of the one or more layers of energy curable ink. The second step comprises the steps of, in any order: a) drying the one or more layers of water-based coating, and b) actinically or electron beam curing simultaneously all the energy curable ink layers.

Provided are an image forming method including a step of preparing an ink which contains water and an organic solvent A having a vapor pressure of 0.20 kPa or less at 20° C. and in which a content of the organic solvent A is 10% by mass or greater, a step of preparing an aggregating liquid containing an aggregating agent, a step of preparing an overcoat liquid which contains a resin and an organic solvent B having a vapor pressure of 2.50 kPa or greater at 20° C. and in which a content of the organic solvent B is 10% by mass or greater, a step of applying the aggregating liquid onto an impermeable base material, a step of applying the ink to at least a portion of a region to which the aggregating liquid has been applied according to an ink jet method to form an image, and a step of applying the overcoat liquid onto the region to which the aggregating liquid has been applied in the impermeable base material, on which the image has been formed; and an ink set.

A method of applying a coating composition to a substrate utilizing a high transfer efficiency applicator include the steps of providing the high transfer efficiency applicator comprising an array of nozzles wherein each nozzle defines a nozzle orifice having a diameter of from 0.00002 m to 0.0004, providing the coating composition, and applying the coating composition to the substrate through the nozzle orifice without atomization such that at least 99.9% of the applied coating composition contacts the substrate to form a coating layer having a wet thickness of at least 5 microns, wherein the coating composition includes a carrier, a binder, and a radar reflective pigment or a LiDAR reflective pigment. The coating composition has an Ohnesorge number (Oh) of from about 0.01 to about 12.6, a Reynolds number (Re) of from about 0.02 to about 6,200, and a Deborah number (De) of from greater than 0 to about 1730.

A coating device, comprising a supply roller having a first contact surface, and a counter-roller placed opposite the supply roller and a second contact surface substantially parallel to the first contact surface. The contact surfaces are at least a substrate width in width and maintain a mutual gap for receiving the substrate therein in contact with both contact surfaces. The supply roller and counter-roller are each rotatable about their central axis. A liquid is supplied to the supply roller. At least the contact surface of the supply roller or the counter-roller is axially adjustable along the central axis thereof. Adjusting means align an edge of the contact surface of the supply roller and the counter-roller with a side of the substrate. An opposite edge of the other of the supply roller and the counter-roller is aligned with an opposite side of the substrate.

A clear ink includes resin particles and water, wherein a volume average particle diameter of the resin particles is 50 nm or less, and wherein a dried film of the clear ink has glass transition temperatures (Tg) at 50 degrees C. or higher and at lower than 0 degrees C.

Provided is an ink composition for an inkjet print steel plate, an inkjet print steel plate using the same, and a method for producing an inkjet print steel plate. The ink composition comprises: a linear acrylate-based oligomer; a reactive acrylate-based monomer; an ultraviolet curable initiator; at least one selected from the group consisting of a dye and a pigment; and at least one selected from the group consisting of an antioxidant, an antifoaming agent, and a dispersant.

Powdering on a front surface of a printed matter or the like is appropriately performed. A printing apparatus configured to perform printing on a medium includes: an ink ejection portion configured to eject an ink to the medium; and a powdering portion configured to perform powdering that applies powder to the medium. The powdering portion includes: a liquid applying device configured to apply, to the medium, a powder containing liquid that is a liquid including the powder and a solvent and an energy ray emitting portion configured to irradiate the powder containing liquid applied to the medium with energy rays. The powder containing liquid is a liquid that generates heat when irradiated with energy rays. The energy ray emitting portion irradiates the powder containing liquid applied to the medium with energy rays to evaporate the solvent of the powder containing liquid, so that the powder adheres to the medium.

A system for applying a first coating composition and a second coating composition. The system includes a first high transfer efficiency applicator defining a first nozzle orifice and a second high transfer efficiency applicator defining a second nozzle orifice. The system further includes a substrate defining a target area. The first high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the first coating composition through the first nozzle orifice to the target area of the substrate to form a first coating layer. The second high transfer efficiency applicator is configured to expel the second coating composition through the second nozzle orifice to the first coating layer to form a second coating layer.

Layers of energy curable inks and coatings containing little to no photoinitiator, are printed over or are covered with ink or coating layers that are not energy curable but do comprise a photoinitiator. All energy curable inks are then simultaneously cured when exposed to actinic radiation that passes through the ink or coating layers that are not energy curable but comprise photoinitiators.

The invention refers to a method to produce a packaging material comprising the steps of; treating at least one surface of a paperboard substrate with a binder and with a metal salt, printing at least a part of said treated surface with ink, and applying at least one polymer layer on said printed surface. The packaging material produced in accordance with the invention shows good printability and simultaneously good adhesion of the applied polymer layer.