The invention relates to a sulfur-crosslinkable rubber mixture and to a pneumatic vehicle tire comprising at least one rubber component made of the sulfur-vulcanized rubber mixture.

The rubber mixture contains 10-60 phr (parts by weight, based on 100 parts by weight of the total rubbers in the mixture) of at least one functionalized polybutadiene A,
wherein the functionalized polybutadiene A is functionalized at one chain end with an organosilyl group containing amino groups and/or ammonium groups,
and wherein the functionalized polybutadiene A is functionalized at the other chain end with an amino group, up to 90 phr of at least one further diene rubber and 30-350 phr of at least one filler.

A rubber composition exhibiting an improved processability/stiffness compromise is based on at least a diene elastomer, a reinforcing filler, a crosslinking system, between 1 and 30 parts by weight per hundred parts by weight of elastomer, phr, of an epoxy resin and between 1 and 15 phr of a specific amine-comprising hardener comprising in particular at least two primary amine functional groups located on at least one six-membered aromatic ring and at least two Ri radicals, which are identical or different, selected from the group consisting of linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl radicals, halogens, and ethers, tertiary amines, thioethers, ketones, esters and amides, substituted by linear or branched C.sub.1-C.sub.6 alkyl radicals, the said ring not comprising a hydrogen atom located in the ortho position with respect to the primary amine functional groups.

Provided are an RFID (radio frequency identification) module and a pneumatic tire in which the RFID module is embedded. An RFID module includes an IC (integrated circuit) substrate that stores data, an antenna that transmits and receives data, and a covering layer that covers the antenna. The covering layer contains calcium carbonate, and a relative dielectric constant of the covering layer is 7 or less.

A method for preparing a modified rubber introduces a reactive group into a high-performance short fiber by irritating the short fiber by ultraviolet light, and modifies the short fiber by a coupling agent to increase the compatibility of the short fiber with a rubber matrix, and finally, utilizes the charge repulsion of sodium lauryl sulfate to effectively avoid the agglomeration of the short fibers in the rubber matrix, which is benefit for obtaining the modified rubber. The present disclosure further provides a modified rubber prepared by the method and a bulletproof and puncture resistant tire prepared by the modified rubber, wherein a buffer layer is made by the modified rubber, and at least one of a tread, a belt ply and an inner liner is made by the modified rubber, and a cord ply is woven by twisted high-performance long fibers.

A pneumatic tire having a tread reinforcing component disposed between a tire inner cavity surface and a tire ground contacting surface, and made of a thermoplastic resin. On an arbitrary reference line which extends across the tread reinforcing component in parallel with the tire equator, a distance L1 in the tire radial direction from the tire inner cavity surface to the thickness center point of the tread reinforcing component is in a range of 50% to 95% of a distance L0 in the tire radial direction from the tire inner cavity surface to the tire ground contacting surface.

Heavy load pneumatic radial tire according to the present invention includes: tread rubber 6 having laminated structure of cap rubber 5 and base rubber 4; and four or more belt layers 3a-3e disposed radially inward of tread rubber 6. A radially outer side of a width direction side edge of at least one of radially outermost belt layer 3e and widest-width belt layer 3c is covered by reinforcing rubber layer 7 that terminates on a radially inner side of tread rubber 6 without reaching tire equatorial plane E. Relative relation between reinforcing rubber constituting reinforcing rubber layer 7 and base rubber 4 in terms of modulus of rebound elasticity satisfies the condition: reinforcing rubber<base rubber 4.

An airless tire has a tread ring provided with a reinforcing rubber layer disposed radially inside a tread rubber layer and made of a rubber compound [A] comprising: 100 parts by mass of the rubber component containing 10 to 100% by mass of butadiene rubber; 10 to 80 parts by mass of an metal salt of an alpha beta unsaturated carboxylic acid; and a peroxide. A barrier layer, which restrains sulfur in an adjacent rubber compound from migrating into the reinforcing rubber layer, is disposed between the reinforcing rubber layer and the adjacent rubber compound.

A pneumatic tire according to an embodiment is a pneumatic tire including a belt pad disposed between a belt end and a carcass ply. The belt pad is formed by a rubber composition containing 1 to 10 parts by mass of sulfur, 0.1 to 5 parts by mass of N,N-dibenzylbenzothiazole-2-sulfenamide, and 0.1 to 5 parts by mass of either one or both of 1,6-bis(N,N-dibenzylthiocarbamoyldithio)hexane and hexamethylene bis-thiosulfate disodium salt dihydrate, with respect to 100 parts by mass of diene rubber.

Polybenzoxazine comprises repeat units which comprise at least one unit corresponding to the formulae (I) or (II): ##STR00001##
in which Z.sub.1 and Z.sub.2, which are identical or different, represent an at least divalent, aliphatic, cycloaliphatic or aromatic bonding group comprising at least one carbon atom and optionally at least one heteroatom selected from O, S, N and P. Such a polybenzoxazine may be used as a metal-adhesive layer, in particular for the adhesive bonding of a metal substrate, in particular made of carbon steel, to a rubber.

A motorcycle tire includes a tread portion, sidewall portions, bead portions each with a bead core therein, a carcass, and a tread reinforcing layer arranged radially outwardly of the carcass and includes a belt layer and a band layer. The belt layer includes an inner belt ply and an outer belt ply. The band layer includes a band ply arranged between the inner and outer belt plies. The inner belt ply includes belt cords oriented at an angle greater than 5 degrees to the tire circumferential direction and a first development width. The outer belt ply includes belt cords oriented at an angle greater than 5 degrees to the tire circumferential direction and a second development width. The band ply includes band cords oriented at an angle not more than 5 degrees to the tire circumferential direction. The second development width is greater than the first development width.