Systems are provided for suspensions that deliver desirable wheel kinematics at prescribed conditions. A system includes a vehicle body structure with an engine cradle, and an associated wheel assembly. A suspension system links the wheel assembly with the engine cradle, and includes a link coupled with the engine cradle and coupled with the wheel assembly. A joint at the link includes a flange that has an opening, an edge, and at least one undercut defined in edge of the flange. The joint allows release of the wheel assembly from the engine cradle by designed tearing between the opening and the at least one undercut. The release is initiated only under loads above a select threshold at the joint, to provide select kinematics of the wheel assembly for specific operational cases.

A coupled torsion beam axle (CTBA) bushing is press-fitted into a bushing bracket provided at a tip of a trailing arm at each of two opposite sides of a CTBA suspension system. In particular, the CTBA bushing includes: an outer pipe including a through-hole formed therein; an inner pipe positioned in the through-hole; and a bushing rubber disposed in the through-hole and positioned between an outer peripheral surface of the inner pipe and an inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe, in which the bushing rubber includes: first compounds extending in a first direction, which is a diameter direction of the inner pipe, with the inner pipe interposed therebetween; and a second compounds integrated with the first compounds and extending in a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction, with the inner pipe interposed therebetween.

A coupled torsion beam axle (CTBA) bushing is press-fitted into a bushing bracket provided at a tip of a trailing arm at each of two opposite sides of a CTBA suspension system. In particular, the CTBA bushing includes: an outer pipe including a through-hole formed therein; an inner pipe positioned in the through-hole; and a bushing rubber disposed in the through-hole and positioned between an outer peripheral surface of the inner pipe and an inner peripheral surface of the outer pipe, in which the bushing rubber includes: first compounds extending in a first direction, which is a diameter direction of the inner pipe, with the inner pipe interposed therebetween; and a second compounds integrated with the first compounds and extending in a second direction, which is perpendicular to the first direction, with the inner pipe interposed therebetween.

An independent steering system includes a knuckle fastened to inside of a wheel and driven integrally with the wheel, an upper arm fastened to an upper end portion of the knuckle, a lower arm fastened to a lower end portion of the knuckle, a steering motor positioned on the lower arm, and a steering gear portion having a first end portion connected to the steering motor and a second end portion engaged to the knuckle, wherein the steering gear portion rotates integrally with the knuckle by a rotation force of the steering motor.

An independently driving wheel module includes: a base frame including an upper end fixed to a coupling surface of a vehicle body, and a rotation part coupled to the upper end of the base frame such that the rotation part is rotatable with respect to the upper end of the base frame; a connection link including a first end integrally coupled to the rotation part, and a second end having a shape extending downward from the first end of the connection link; a driving wheel disposed at a side of the second end of the connection link and coupled to the second end of the connection link; and a rotation plate including an upper and lower surfaces extending obliquely in misaligned directions, the rotation plate being interposed between the base frame and the vehicle body so as to be rotatable with respect to the base frame or the vehicle body.

Suspension systems are provided where the lower control arm is allowed to separate from the engine cradle at prescribed conditions to deliver the proper wheel kinematics for select cases while maintaining structural integrity for all other load cases. A system includes a vehicle body structure, a wheel assembly, and a suspension system linking the wheel assembly to the engine cradle. The suspension system includes a link coupled with the engine cradle through a first joint and coupled with the wheel assembly through a second joint. The first joint is configured to release the link from the engine cradle under loads above a threshold force and above a threshold angle of the threshold force at the second joint, to provide the desired kinematics.

Suspension systems are provided where the lower control arm is allowed to separate from the engine cradle at prescribed conditions to deliver the proper wheel kinematics for select cases while maintaining structural integrity for all other load cases. A system includes a vehicle body structure, a wheel assembly, and a suspension system linking the wheel assembly to the engine cradle. The suspension system includes a link coupled with the engine cradle through a first joint and coupled with the wheel assembly through a second joint. The first joint is configured to release the link from the engine cradle under loads above a threshold force and above a threshold angle of the threshold force at the second joint, to provide the desired kinematics.

A suspension member includes: a front frame including a front cross member extending in a vehicle width direction; a rear frame at least partially made of light metal and including a rear cross member extending in the vehicle width direction, the rear frame being placed on a vehicle rear side of the front frame and joined to the front frame; and a protective member joined to the rear cross member so as to form a closed section together with the rear cross member.

In a fastener structure for a vehicle, a height adjustment spacer is interposed between first and second vehicle body frames fixed with a bolt and a nut. The nut has a first insertion hole through which a bolt is screwed, and is fixed to a surface of the first vehicle body frame. The height adjustment spacer has a second insertion hole through which the bolt is inserted, and is disposed in contact with another surface of the first vehicle body frame. The bolt is inserted through an attachment hole of the second vehicle body frame, the second insertion hole, an attachment hole of the first vehicle body frame, and the first insertion hole. On a contact surface between the height adjustment spacer and the first vehicle body frame, a protrusion and a recess are provided to surround an entirety of the second insertion hole, the second insertion hole respectively.

In a fastener structure for a vehicle, a height adjustment spacer is interposed between first and second vehicle body frames fixed with a bolt and a nut. The nut has a first insertion hole through which a bolt is screwed, and is fixed to a surface of the first vehicle body frame. The height adjustment spacer has a second insertion hole through which the bolt is inserted, and is disposed in contact with another surface of the first vehicle body frame. The bolt is inserted through an attachment hole of the second vehicle body frame, the second insertion hole, an attachment hole of the first vehicle body frame, and the first insertion hole. On a contact surface between the height adjustment spacer and the first vehicle body frame, a protrusion and a recess are provided to surround an entirety of the second insertion hole, the second insertion hole respectively.