Disclosed are fuel cell architectures, thermal sub-systems, and control logic for regulating fuel cell stack temperature. A method is disclosed for regulating the temperature of a fuel cell stack. The method includes determining a pre-start temperature of the fuel cell stack, and determining, for this pre-start temperature, a target heating rate to heat the stack to a calibrated minimum operating temperature. The method then determines a hydrogen bleed percentage for the target heating rate, and executes a stack heating operation including activating the fuel cell stack and commanding a fluid control device to direct hydrogen to the cathode side at the hydrogen bleed percentage to generate waste heat. After a calibrated period of time, the method determines if an operating temperature of the stack exceeds the calibrated minimum stack operating temperature. Responsive to the operating temperature being at or above the minimum operating temperature, the stack heating operation is terminated.

A use index IDX indicative of a degree of use of external charging is calculated and transmitted to a vehicle external system. The vehicle external system provides a service or imposes a penalty based on the use index IDX. In a case where the degree of use of external charging is determined to be low based on the use index IDX, if the vehicle external system provides a non-preferential service or imposes a heavy penalty as compared with a case where the degree of use of external charging is determined to be high, a driver or an owner of a vehicle takes an action by which the use index is determined to indicate a high degree of use of external charging. As a result, the use of external charging can be promoted.

The fuel cell system according to one embodiment of the present invention includes the solid oxide fuel cell configured to generate power by receiving the supply of the cathode gas and the anode gas. The fuel cell system includes a discharging passage configured to discharge the cathode off-gas and the anode off-gas discharged by the fuel cell as discharged gas to the outside, a discharged-gas temperature detection unit configured to detect or estimate the temperature of the discharged gas discharged from the discharging passage, an air supplying unit configured to supply air to the discharging passage, and the control unit configured to control the air supply to be executed by an air supplying unit on the basis of the detected or estimated temperature.

Disclosed are fuel cell architectures, thermal sub-systems, and control logic for regulating fuel cell stack temperature. A method is disclosed for regulating the temperature of a fuel cell stack. The method includes determining a pre-start temperature of the fuel cell stack, and determining, for this pre-start temperature, a target heating rate to heat the stack to a calibrated minimum operating temperature. The method then determines a hydrogen bleed percentage for the target heating rate, and executes a stack heating operation including activating the fuel cell stack and commanding a fluid control device to direct hydrogen to the cathode side at the hydrogen bleed percentage to generate waste heat. After a calibrated period of time, the method determines if an operating temperature of the stack exceeds the calibrated minimum stack operating temperature. Responsive to the operating temperature being at or above the minimum operating temperature, the stack heating operation is terminated.

A first, and second twin AC inverters for a hybrid vehicle, whereby, the first and second inverters having a first, and second twin AC hard wire terminal blocks, a cool-down C-D process, and a conventional Engine Control Unit computerized remote-control drive system, whereby, being capable of activating the twin AC terminal blocks for Freeway speed, hills, faster acceleration, and a hybrid vehicle momentum regenerative braking kinetic energy process for: charging a battery-pack, and multiple batteries. The computer being capable of activating the first terminal block, when the cool-down process is to end, and deactivating the second terminal block, when the cool-down process is to began. The Computer is capable of activating the first, or second terminal blocks, whereby, for operating in conjunction with one another for the Freeway speed for charging the battery-pack, including multiple batteries with respect to the above modification.

A system for and method of utilizing and generating electrical power is provided. The trailer assist system is configured to engage with a trailer of a tractor trailer or other vehicle, thereby converting the vehicle into a hybrid vehicle and/or a power generation vehicle as the vehicle travels along a road. The trailer assist system includes one or more drive wheel for selective engagement with the road, an electrical motor being selectively configured to provide power to the drive wheel and a regenerative braking system being selectively configured to generate power from the drive wheel. Retractable positioning wheels are selectively deployed to assist in moving the trailer assist into and out of position relative to a trailer, thereby facilitating exchanging one trailer assist system for another trailer assist system. A control system utilizes information from one or more sensor to optimize performance of the trailer assist system.

A system for charging electric vehicles (EVs) includes at least one transportable battery-energy-storage DC systems (BESDCS), at least one renewable direct-current (DC) power supply station at a first location. The system also includes at least one DC charging station for charging of the at least one EV at a second location different from the first location. The system further includes at least one electric tanker transport comprising at least one electric truck vehicle configured to be coupled to the at least one BESDCS. The electric tanker transport is configured to transport the at least one BESDCS from the first location to the second location for charging of the at least one EV and transport the at least one BESDCS from the second location to the first location for charging the at least one BESDCS from renewable DC power supply station.

Methods and systems are provided for a network in communication with one or more vehicles. In one example, a method may include transferring energy back and forth between the one or more vehicles and the network.

A method, computer program product, and computer system for configuring a battery pack. Parcel delivery instructions including parcel level information, at least one electric vehicle property, and a first location and one or more destinations are received. A trained artificial intelligence model is used to extract an expected battery consumption of the electric vehicle for each of the plurality of potential routes, and to identify a delivery route that has a lowest expected battery consumption. Battery service options are mapped along the delivery route. Simulations of the electric vehicle completing the delivery are performed. A size of a battery pack to be used with the electric vehicle at a start of the delivery route at the first location is configured, and a battery pack service schedule for servicing the battery pack between the first location and the one or more destinations is configured, as a function of the multiple simulations.

Methods and systems are provided for a network in communication with one or more vehicles. In one example, a method may include transferring energy back and forth between the one or more vehicles and the network.