Aspects of the present invention relate to a method and to a control system for controlling an electric traction motor of a vehicle, the control system comprising one or more controllers, wherein the control system is configured to: limit a rate of change of torque requested from the electric traction motor for changing speed towards a speed target, in dependence on a lash crossing protection rate limiter; and upon removal of the limit prior to the speed reaching the speed target, inhibit initial increase of a torque requested from the electric traction motor for changing speed towards the speed target.

An insulation fault response method for a fuel cell vehicle, comprising: when a vehicle starts, detecting whether a fuel cell is in a startup state or not; when the fuel cell is not in the startup state, reading a first insulation resistance detected by a fuel cell control unit and a second insulation resistance detected by a cell management system; when the first insulation resistance indicates that the vehicle is in an insulation fault, executing a first control policy; and when the second insulation resistance indicates that the vehicle in an insulation fault, executing a second control policy, wherein the first control policy is different from the second control policy, and wherein when the first insulation resistance is less than a first threshold and/or the second insulation resistance is less than a second threshold, the vehicle is in an insulation fault.

When an acceleration degree of a vehicle in a state of an electric motor generating torque as motive power is small compared to the acceleration degree of the vehicle in a state of being propelled using that torque, a user is notified by displaying a warning on a display which is a notification device of the vehicle.

When an acceleration degree of a vehicle in a state of an electric motor generating torque as motive power is small compared to the acceleration degree of the vehicle in a state of being propelled using that torque, a user is notified by displaying a warning on a display which is a notification device of the vehicle.

Provided is a traveling apparatus including at least, with respect to a traveling direction, a front wheel and a rear wheel and on which a user rides when travelling. The traveling apparatus includes a front wheel supporting member configured to rotatably support the front wheel, a rear wheel supporting member configured to rotatably support the rear wheel, an adjusting mechanism configured to adjust a wheel base length between the front wheel and the rear wheel by changing a relative position of the front wheel supporting member and the rear wheel supporting member, and a driving unit configured to drive at least one of the front wheel and rear wheel. The wheel base length adjusted by the adjusting mechanism is associated with a speed of the traveling apparatus achieved by driving the driving unit in such a way that the longer the wheel base length, the greater the speed becomes.

A battery-powered motor may include an electric motor, a controller, and a housing. The electric motor may be wound to enable the battery-powered motor to achieve a non-limited motor maximum motor revolutions per minute (RPM) for at least one specified battery. The controlling current may include limiting current to the electric motor at lower RPMs, and limiting the current to prevent the RPM of the electric motor from exceeding a limited maximum motor RPM which is lower than the non-limited motor maximum RPM. The housing may enclose the electric motor and the controller and the specified battery. The housing may have a form factor to engage with a machine that engages with an internal combustion engine that has a maximum engine RPM that is approximately the same as the limited maximum motor RPM.

A battery-powered motor may include an electric motor, a controller, and a housing. The electric motor may be wound to enable the battery-powered motor to achieve a non-limited motor maximum motor revolutions per minute (RPM) for at least one specified battery. The controlling current may include limiting current to the electric motor at lower RPMs, and limiting the current to prevent the RPM of the electric motor from exceeding a limited maximum motor RPM which is lower than the non-limited motor maximum RPM. The housing may enclose the electric motor and the controller and the specified battery. The housing may have a form factor to engage with a machine that engages with an internal combustion engine that has a maximum engine RPM that is approximately the same as the limited maximum motor RPM.

A cart may include a driving wheel, a motor configured to rotate the driving wheel, a motor drive circuit configured to drive the motor, a motor brake circuit configured to electrically brake the motor, a control device configured to control the motor via the motor drive circuit and the motor brake circuit so that a travelling speed of the cart becomes equal to or lower than an upper limit travelling speed, and a temperature sensor configured to detect a temperature of the motor brake circuit. The control device may be configured to change the upper limit travelling speed to a second upper limit travelling speed lower than the first upper limit travelling speed when the upper limit travelling speed is a first upper limit travelling speed and the temperature detected by the temperature sensor exceeds a first predetermined temperature.

Upon detecting a current balise, an onboard system of a train calculates a speed curve based on measured traveling speed at a timing of the detection and sets a minimum required time period for traveling to each of a next balise and a balise subsequent to the next balise. Upon detecting the next balise, the onboard system compares a traveling time period from the timing of detecting the current balise to the timing of detecting the next balise with the set minimum required time period. The onboard system activates an emergency brake when the elapsed time period is shorter than the minimum required time period to stop the train.

Upon detecting a current balise, an onboard system of a train calculates a speed curve based on measured traveling speed at a timing of the detection and sets a minimum required time period for traveling to each of a next balise and a balise subsequent to the next balise. Upon detecting the next balise, the onboard system compares a traveling time period from the timing of detecting the current balise to the timing of detecting the next balise with the set minimum required time period. The onboard system activates an emergency brake when the elapsed time period is shorter than the minimum required time period to stop the train.