A braking control device includes: a wheel deceleration deriving section that derives decrease rates of wheel speed detection values as wheel deceleration calculation values; an average value deriving section that derives an average value of the wheel deceleration calculation values of wheels FL, FR, RL, and RR as a wheel deceleration average value; a determination section that determines, based on the wheel deceleration average value and an anteroposterior deceleration detection value, whether or not a slip increase state has been occurring for a determination time or longer; and a detection section that detects occurrence of cascade lock when it is determined that the slip increase state has been occurring for the determination time or longer during vehicle braking.

A vehicle includes an electric machine and a controller. The controller is programmed to responsive to a threshold difference, indicative of wheel slip, between average wheel speed and a vehicle speed that is based on a difference between wheel acceleration and measured vehicle acceleration, command a speed to the electric machine to reduce the wheel slip.

A method of controlling braking of a vehicle is provided. When a disconnector is disconnected and an auxiliary drive wheel is separated from a driving system, vehicle braking is performed with regenerative braking by a primary drive wheel motor during braking. Subsequently, the disconnector is connected based on a vehicle stability state, and then, braking is performed simultaneously on the auxiliary drive wheel and a primary drive wheel.

A vehicle has a frame, a straddle seat, front right and left wheels, a rear wheel, a steering assembly, a motor, front right and left brakes, a rear brake, and an electronic brake control unit. The electronic brake control unit has a pump, a valve box and an electronic controller. The electronic controller is electronically connected to the pump, and valves of the valve box for controlling their operation. A hand brake lever actuates a first master cylinder and thereby actuates the front brakes through the valve box. A foot brake lever actuates a second master cylinder and thereby actuates the rear brake through the valve box.

A method of controlling the vehicle may include predicting, by a controller, a braking situation of the vehicle; performing, by the controller, brake distribution control of front and rear wheels of the vehicle in a response to a predicted sudden braking of the vehicle at a predetermined level; and performing, by the controller, independent braking control of the rear wheels of the vehicle in a response to a predicted general braking of the vehicle at the predetermined level.

A vehicle includes an all-wheel-drive powertrain having an electric machine configured to power wheels. A controller is programmed to output a first calculated vehicle speed derived from integrating a measured longitudinal acceleration of the vehicle and output a second calculated vehicle speed based on the measured longitudinal acceleration and a speed of one of the wheels. The controller is further programmed to, responsive to a flag being present, command a speed to the electric machine that is based on the first vehicle speed to reduce wheel slip, and responsive to a flag not being present, command a speed to the electric machine that is based on the second vehicle speed to reduce wheel slip.

An off-road vehicle has two front wheels and two rear wheels, the rear wheels being connected to a spool gear driven by a motor. The vehicle also has a left front brake, a right front brake and a single rear brake. Speeds of left and right front wheels are respectively monitored by left and right front speed sensors. A single sensor monitors a common speed of left and right rear wheels. Two user actuated braking input devices, for example a hand lever and a foot lever, may be used independently or concurrently to provide a braking command. An anti-lock braking system may use speed measurements from the various speed sensors to control selective application of pressure on the left front brake, the right front brake and the rear brake.

A method of controlling the vehicle may include predicting, by a controller, a braking situation of the vehicle; performing, by the controller, brake distribution control of front and rear wheels of the vehicle in a response to a predicted sudden braking of the vehicle at a predetermined level; and performing, by the controller, independent braking control of the rear wheel of the vehicle in a response to a predicted general braking of the vehicle at the predetermined level.

An all-terrain vehicle may include a frame and a plurality of ground-engaging members supporting the frame. The all-terrain vehicle may further include a powertrain assembly supported by the frame and shiftable transmission supported by the frame and operably coupled to the powertrain assembly. The all-terrain vehicle may also include a display, a back-up camera, and a controller supported by the frame. The controller may be configured to receive a signal from the shiftable transmission corresponding to the shiftable transmission being in a gear of the plurality of gears other than a reverse gear. Further, the controller may be configured to determine the all-terrain vehicle is moving backwards and send an activation signal to the back-up camera to display images of the back-up camera on the display.

A method of controlling braking of a vehicle is provided. When a disconnector is disconnected and an auxiliary drive wheel is separated from a driving system, vehicle braking is performed with regenerative braking by a primary drive wheel motor during braking. Subsequently, the disconnector is connected based on a vehicle stability state, and then, braking is performed simultaneously on the auxiliary drive wheel and a primary drive wheel.