A hybrid drive train for a vehicle has at least one internal combustion engine with an internal combustion engine drive shaft, in particular a crankshaft, and at least one first electrical machine with a first electrical machine drive shaft. The internal combustion engine and the first electrical machine are designed to transfer a torque to at least one drive axle. A transmission has a transmission input shaft and a transmission output shaft which is operatively connected to a first drive axle that can be driven by the internal combustion engine. The transmission input shaft of the transmission is connected at least to the internal combustion engine drive shaft of the internal combustion engine in order to transfer a torque from the internal combustion engine to the transmission input shaft and further to the first drive axle. The transmission input shaft and the internal combustion engine drive shaft of the internal combustion engine are arranged parallel to each other.

A method for estimating cardan shaft moments in a vehicle includes performing a state space modelling of a physical model for force transmission in at least one drive train The at least one drive train is formed with at least one drive machine, at least one axle and at least two axle shafts each with a respective wheel. The method further includes selecting the physical model as a torsional oscillator chain in which a respective drive machine inertia moment is assigned to the respective drive train and a respective wheel inertia moment is assigned to the respective wheel. The respective drive machine inertia moment is connected by a respective spring-damper element to the respective wheel inertia moment of the respective wheel which is connected to the respective axle shaft. A vehicle mass is connected by a respective spring-damper element to the respective wheel inertia moment of the respective wheel.

An apparatus and method for diagnosing damage to drive-train hardware of a vehicle in which a disconnector may obtain speed of an auxiliary drive wheel motor of the vehicle and speed of a main drive wheel motor of the vehicle and determines damage to the drive-train hardware including the disconnector that controls whether to interrupt delivery of power through engagement or disengagement between auxiliary drive wheel motor-side drive-train hardware and auxiliary drive wheel-side drive-train hardware, based on whether a difference between the speed of the auxiliary drive wheel motor and the speed of the main drive wheel motor exceeds a threshold value, Accordingly, preventing divergence of motor RPM by diagnosing damage to the drive-train hardware of the vehicle.

Disclosed is a control method for an internal combustion engine (3) including a power generation motor (4) driven by a power of the internal combustion engine (3) and a damper (30) provided between the internal combustion engine (3) and the power generation motor (4) in a power transmission path, wherein a maximum value of a torque fluctuation generated in an event of a misfire occurring in a cylinder of the internal combustion engine (3) is larger than a value at which a displacement of a main damper (30a) of the damper (30) is allowed to be suppressed to be smaller than a displacement at which abutting occurs on a first stopper (31a) by a counter torque of the power generation motor (4), and the control method includes limiting a torque (Te) of the internal combustion engine (3) within a range in which a displacement of the main damper (30a) is allowed to be controlled to be smaller than a displacement at which abutting occurs on the first stopper (31a) by a counter torque of the power generation motor (4).

Embodiments of the present invention provide a control system (200) for an electric machine (120) of a vehicle, the control system comprising one or more controllers, the control system comprising input means (230) to receive a torque communication signal (255) indicative of torque communication through a belt (130) associated with the electric machine, processing means (210) arranged to determine a torque limit for the electric machine in dependence on the torque communication signal and a first torque threshold, and output means (240) arranged to output a torque limit signal (245) in dependence on the torque limit to control the torque communicated through the belt associated with the electric machine.

A computer for, e.g., a mass market passenger vehicle operable by a virtual driver in autonomous and/or semi-autonomous mode, is programmed to determine that a current vehicle braking capacity exceeds each of a first braking target and a mitigation threshold at a current vehicle speed. The computer is further programmed to compare the current vehicle speed to an engine breaking threshold and generate a transmission control message providing data to operate a vehicle transmission. Where the current vehicle speed is above the engine braking threshold, the transmission control message provides data to operate the vehicle transmission to inhibit transfer of an input torque through the vehicle transmission. Additionally, where the current vehicle speed is below a wheel lock threshold, the transmission control message further provides data to operate the vehicle transmission to inhibit rotation of an output shaft of the vehicle transmission.

A method controls an internal combustion engine having a drive output shaft that is coupled to an input shaft of a transmission. The internal combustion engine and the transmission are encompassed by a drivetrain for the drive of a motor vehicle. The method includes determining a rotational speed of the drive output shaft of the internal combustion engine and determining a rotational acceleration of the drive output shaft based on the rotational speed of the drive output shaft. A dynamic torque of the internal combustion engine is determined as a product of the rotational acceleration and a dynamic moment of inertia of the internal combustion engine. A maximum combustion torque of the internal combustion engine is determined from a sum of a predetermined maximum torque at the input shaft of the transmission and the dynamic load torque of the internal combustion engine.

A control device for a vehicle is provided. The control device includes an electronic control unit that is configured to: exert the torque of an input member on a fixed member and a rotating member such that the fixed member and the rotating member are separated from each other, when the thrust is exerted for making the engagement teeth mesh with each other; estimate an inclination angle of tooth surfaces based on a relative movement amount between the fixed member and the rotating member, and a relative rotational amount between the fixed member and the rotating member; estimate a frictional coefficient of the tooth surfaces based on the inclination angle; and control the thrust of the actuator according to the frictional coefficient.

A method and system for controlling temperatures in a driveline assembly of a vehicle are provided. In one embodiment, the method includes determining an operating temperature associated with the driveline assembly of the vehicle, the driveline assembly comprising forward and rear axles and a power transfer device configured to transmit power from a power source of the vehicle to the forward and rear axles. The method further includes computing a gain factor responsive to the operating temperature, adjusting a control parameter value of a traction control system of the vehicle responsive to the gain factor, and generating a control signal from the traction control system responsive to the control parameter value, the control signal configured to adjust at least one of an output torque of the power source and a braking force of a brake of the vehicle.

A controller comprises a memory, including a maximum rated driveshaft torque for a driveshaft on a vehicle, and an electrical output transmitting an output signal for limiting a torque on the driveshaft of the vehicle during an event while the vehicle is attempting to at least one of maintain and increase velocity. The torque on the driveshaft is limited by controlling braking pressure to at least one brake associated with driven wheels and/or controlling motor torque delivered to the driveshaft.