A vehicle may include a fuel cell system configured for generating electrical energy used in the vehicle using hydrogen, an engine system including an engine and configured for generating power of the vehicle using hydrogen, an exhaust system that purifies exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and a hydrogen supply system connected to the fuel cell system, the engine system and the exhaust system, and configured for supplying the hydrogen used in the fuel cell system and the engine system, and ammonia (NH3) used in the exhaust system.

At every ignition cycle, when a duration change amount ΔT30[i] is equal to or less than a reference value ΔT30ref2, a misfire counter Cmf is kept unchanged. When the duration change amount ΔT30[i] is greater than the reference value ΔT30ref2, on the other hand, the misfire counter Cmf is incremented by value 1. A misfire ratio Rmf is set to provide a smaller value when an amount increasing determination flag F[i] is equal to value 1 than a value when the amount increasing determination flag F[i] is equal to value 0. In the case where an ignition counter Ci reaches or exceeds a reference value Ciref, it is determined whether a conversion catalyst is overheated by comparison between the misfire counter Cmf and an accumulated misfire ratio Rmfsum that is an accumulated value of the misfire ratio Rmf.

Values of at least one energy utilization characteristic, which represents a first energy utilization process in a first vehicle, are determined. Furthermore, values of at least one parameter, which represents at least one boundary condition of the energy utilization in the first vehicle during the first energy utilization process, are also determined. A mathematical relationship between at least one or more values provided for the at least one energy utilization characteristic and the corresponding values of the parameters is determined and a profile record comprising a record and/or learning data is provided on the basis of at least one mathematical relationship determined. Depending on the profile record, at least one operating parameter of the drive system of the first vehicle and/or of a second vehicle is adapted in a second energy utilization process.

Methods and systems are provided for synergizing the benefits of an engine exhaust driven fuel reformer in a hybrid vehicle system. A vehicle controller may hold the engine in a narrow operating range where fuel reformer operation is optimal while using motor and/or CVT adjustments to address transients generated as driver demand varies. The controller may also adjust an operating range of temperatures of the reformer to enable extended fuel reforming even after the engine of the hybrid has been shutdown.

A vehicle may include a fuel cell system configured for generating electrical energy used in the vehicle using hydrogen, an engine system including an engine and configured for generating power of the vehicle using hydrogen, an exhaust system that purifies exhaust gas discharged from the engine, and a hydrogen supply system connected to the fuel cell system, the engine system and the exhaust system, and configured for supplying the hydrogen used in the fuel cell system and the engine system, and ammonia (NH3) used in the exhaust system.

Methods and systems are provided for a fuel system of a hybrid vehicle. In one example, a system may include a fuel tank selectively fluidly coupled to a fuel vapor canister via a first conduit that includes a fuel tank isolation valve and via a second conduit that includes a tank pressure control valve and a pump. In one example, the pump is a vacuum pump.

A system includes at least one sensor coupled to an aftertreatment system and a controller having at least one processor coupled to at least one memory device storing instructions that, when executed by the at least one processor, cause the controller to perform operations. The operations include: adjusting an operating point of an engine in response to emissions information from the at least one sensor and based on a fault indicator regarding a component of the system; and, controlling an electric motor in response to the adjustment of the operating point of the engine based on a change in power output from the engine to assist in a desired emissions characteristic.

A method is provided for reducing emissions from a hybrid vehicle having an exhaust aftertreatment system. The method includes: receiving, by a controller, emissions data regarding an emissions level of a hybrid vehicle having an exhaust aftertreatment system from a sensor; determining, by the controller, that the emissions level is at or above a predefined threshold; adjusting, by the controller, an operating point of an engine of the hybrid vehicle based on the emissions level being at or above the predefined threshold; and controlling, by the controller, an elector motor in response to the adjustment of the operating point of the engine to compensate for a change in power output from the engine and to reduce the emissions level to below the predefined threshold.

A method is provided for reducing emissions from a hybrid vehicle having an exhaust aftertreatment system. The method includes: receiving, by a controller, emissions data regarding an emissions level of a hybrid vehicle having an exhaust aftertreatment system from a sensor; determining, by the controller, that the emissions level is at or above a predefined threshold; adjusting, by the controller, an operating point of an engine of the hybrid vehicle based on the emissions level being at or above the predefined threshold; and controlling, by the controller, an elector motor in response to the adjustment of the operating point of the engine to compensate for a change in power output from the engine and to reduce the emissions level to below the predefined threshold.

A control device for an internal combustion engine includes processing circuitry. The processing circuitry is configured to execute a purging process that draws the fuel vapor trapped in the canister into the intake passage by controlling the purge valve, a fuel feeding process that feeds the air-fuel mixture, which includes the fuel supplied to the cylinder, to the exhaust passage without burning the air-fuel mixture in the cylinder, and a fuel supply process that supplies fuel to the cylinder when the fuel feeding process is being performed. The processing circuitry is further configured to perform the fuel supply process by performing the purging process.