An electronic throttle control pedal assembly includes a housing having a friction generating surface, a pedal arm, a spring carrier, and at least one spring. The pedal arm includes a hub portion and a friction generating member. The friction generating member has a lobe connected to a cross member and is positioned on a side surface of the hub portion. The cross member extends within the hub portion. The spring carrier has a friction generating portion. As the pedal arm is depressed, a portion of the spring carrier engages the friction generating portion against the cross member positioned within the hub aperture and pivotally engages a portion of the lobe of the friction generating member against the friction generating surface of the housing thereby creating at least two independent friction generating surfaces to create a hysteresis proportional to the depression of the pedal arm.

A vehicle includes an electrical powertrain, a heater, at least one cooling loop, and a controller. The heater is configured to heat a vehicle cabin. The at least one cooling loop is configured to transport waste heat from at least one subcomponent of the electrical powertrain to the vehicle cabin. The controller is programmed to, in response to a command to heat the vehicle cabin and a command to operate in an economy mode, shut down the heater and operate the at least one cooling loop to transport the waste heat to the vehicle cabin. The controller is further programmed to, in response to the command to heat the vehicle cabin and an absence of the command to operate in the economy mode, operate the heater to heat the vehicle cabin.

A pedal sensor is provided with a carrier that can be mounted to a motor vehicle. A housing is formed at the carrier, and a pedal arm is mounted on the carrier so as to be pivotable. A mechanism to transmit movements of the pedal arm relative to the carrier is arranged in the housing, and a sensor for measuring the movements is provided. A damping element is fixed to the carrier in a groove in such a way that any contact between the pedal arm and the carrier is dampened. The damping element is securely held on the carrier. This is achieved by the damping element being secured on both sides against slipping out of the groove.

A method for controlling engine braking in a vehicle comprises: determining a position of a throttle operator; determining a speed of the vehicle; and determining an engine braking mode selected. In response to the position of the throttle operator being a fully released position and the selected braking mode being a first engine braking mode: controlling an engine and a position of a throttle valve according to the first engine braking mode for applying a first level of engine braking. In response to the position of the throttle operator being the fully released position and the selected braking mode being the second engine braking mode: controlling the engine and the position of the throttle valve according to the second engine braking mode based at least on the speed of the vehicle for applying a second level of engine braking. A vehicle implementing the method is also disclosed.

An electronic throttle control pedal assembly includes a housing having a friction generating surface, a pedal arm, a spring carrier, and at least one spring. The pedal arm includes a hub portion and a friction generating member. The friction generating member has a lobe connected to a cross member and is positioned on a side surface of the hub portion. The cross member extends within the hub portion. The spring carrier has a friction generating portion. As the pedal arm is depressed, a portion of the spring carrier engages the friction generating portion against the cross member positioned within the hub aperture and pivotally engages a portion of the lobe of the friction generating member against the friction generating surface of the housing thereby creating at least two independent friction generating surfaces to create a hysteresis proportional to the depression of the pedal arm.

Provided is an electronic brake system including: a hydraulic pressure supply device including a motor, and configured to generate a hydraulic pressure by rotating the motor to move a piston in a first direction or a second direction; a hydraulic circuit configured to guide the hydraulic pressure generated by the hydraulic pressure supply device to a wheel cylinder; a motor position sensor configured to detect a rotation of the motor; a pressure sensor configured to detect a hydraulic pressure of the hydraulic circuit; and a controller configured to identify a position of the piston based on the rotation of the motor, and if the detected hydraulic pressure is greater than or equal to a reference pressure, identify whether a target pressure is securable based on the position of the piston, and control a direction change of the piston based on whether the predetermined target pressure is securable.

The present invention comprises: a synchronization start determination unit 110 for determining a synchronization start of a synchronization device 70; a half-clutch determination unit 130 for determining whether a clutch device 20 is in a half-clutch state where the clutch device has not been switched from a connection state to a disconnection state; and a damage determination unit 140 which, when the synchronization start determination unit 110 has determined the synchronization start and if the half-cutch determination unit 130 has determined a half-clutch state, determines that damage is applied to the synchronization device 70 caused by the differential rotation between the power transmitted from a driving force source 10 side via the clutch device 20 and the power transmitted from a driving wheels 16L, 16R side.

The invention relates to a sliding step for a public transit vehicle, which sliding step comprises a tread plate that can be horizontally extended or retracted by means of a drive, with two lateral arms and a tread surface arranged between the lateral arms, whereby the tread plate is provided with at least two rollers associated with the lateral arms, which rollers run on a track attached to the vehicle. At least one of the lateral arms in the area of the rollers is provided with an offset section arranged between the two rollers and comprising a strain gauge element for detecting deformations.

Provided is a replacement necessity determination device for a snap-in valve having an inner end to which an air pressure detection device including an air pressure sensor and an acceleration sensor is coupled. A control device of the replacement necessity determination device is configured to predict an angle change amount of the snap-in valve and the air pressure detection device with respect to a wheel caused by a centrifugal force based on a rotational speed of the wheel and an acceleration detected by the acceleration sensor, calculate a degradation indication value of an elastic body of the snap-in valve based on a maximum value of the angle change amount during a period set in advance, and determine necessity of replacement of the snap-in valve based on an integrated value of the degradation indication value.

A cardan shaft slip distance change detection system for determining the amount of length change of the cardan shaft, including a moveable element and a stationary element associated with a telescopic approach to compensate for the change of distance caused by the vehicle's axle movements. At least two conductive elements are configured as one of them connected to a fixed point, another to the moveable element. A power element is provided to supply power to at least one of the conductive elements. A detection unit measures the electrical value change provided by the electrical interaction between the conductive elements and correlating it with the distance between the conductive elements.