An apparatus for use in turning steerable vehicle wheels includes a steering column having a pinion connected with a vehicle steering wheel such that rotation of the steering wheel results in rotation of the pinion. An electrically powered steering unit includes an electric motor having a first output shaft rotatable about an axis. A first planetary gear stage has a first gear reduction ratio and is driven by the first output shaft. A second planetary gear stage is driven by the first planetary gear stage and the pinion and has a second gear reduction ratio different from the first gear reduction ratio. A second output shaft is driven by the second planetary gear stage and coupled to the steerable wheels such that rotation of the second output shaft affects steering of the vehicle wheels.

An electric motor with a rotor and a stator, where the rotor and/or the stator can comprise two or more sections, and a torque ripple caused by the magnetic field(s) associated with a section of the rotor (or stator) can at least partially counters torque ripple caused by the magnetic field(s) associated with other section(s) of the rotor (or stator).

A vehicle steering system comprises: a motor assembly operably coupled to a steering rack, the motor assembly comprising a motor having a rotor and a motor position sensor configured to sense a rotor angle of the motor in a single-turn range; and a rotary-to-linear conversion mechanism operably coupled between the motor assembly and the steering rack, the rotary-to-linear conversion mechanism comprising a rotor operably coupled to the rotor of the motor. A processor calculates an absolute angular position of the pinion in a full-turn range of rotation of the pinion based on the sensed rotor angle of the motor and a pinion angle sensed by a pinion angle sensor in a single-turn range, or based on the sensed rotor angle of the motor and an angle of the rotor of the rotary-to-linear conversion mechanism sensed by an angular position sensor in the single-turn range.

A cylindrical part of a rack retainer accommodation part and an adjust screw are caulked such that a plastic deformation region by caulking straddles both a female screw part of the cylindrical part and a male screw part of the adjust screw, and the adjust screw is loosened to a point where a set load that is a force by which the rack retainer urges a rack bar falls within a predetermined range. After the set load adjusting step, the caulking step is not performed again, and fluctuations in the set load associated with the impact of caulking work after the set load adjusting step can be suppressed. Thus, it is possible to suppress fluctuations in the urging force of the rack retainer applied to the rack bar caused by caulking work which stops the rotation between the rack retainer accommodation part and the adjust screw.

There is provided a steering control device that can control even when a systematic error has occurred. An update amount calculation processing circuit manipulates a control angle in accordance with an update amount in order to control steering torque, which is obtained by subjecting the magnitude of steering torque to a decrease correction by a threshold, to target torque through feedback control. The control angle is used to convert a current command value to a value in a fixed coordinate system or the like. The update amount is subjected to a guarding process in accordance with the steering torque by a torque-based guarding processing circuit, and determined as a final update amount for the control angle. The torque-based guarding processing circuit performs the guarding process on the update amount such that the update amount is in an allowable range that matches the steering torque.

A three wheeled vehicle is disclosed having a radiator positioned forward of an engine and coupled to the engine for cooling the engine. A front radiator shroud is positioned over the radiator on a front side and a rear radiator shroud is positioned over the radiator on a rear side. The rear radiator shroud has a rear baffle plate directing air downwardly and under the operator's compartment.

A method for manufacturing a rack bar having a first rack and a second rack is provided. The first and second racks have an angular positional difference around an axis of the rack bar. The method includes forming a first flat surface and a second flat surface on an outer circumference of a single hollow shaft member, with the angular positional difference being provided between the first and second flat surfaces, and forming the first rack on the first flat surface and the second rack on the second rack surface by press-fitting one or more mandrels into the hollow shaft member in a state in which one or more teeth dies corresponding to the first rack and the second rack is pressed against the first flat surface and the second flat surface.

An adjustment device (1) for a chassis of a motor vehicle. The adjustment device has an actuator (2) with a housing (5) and a spindle drive, which has an axially displaceable spindle (10), with a fixed mounting (7) on the vehicle side and a connecting element (4) on the chassis side. The spindle (10) is extended in a direction of its longitudinal axis by an extension piece (11), and the connecting element (4) is attached to the outer end (11b) of the extension piece (11).

A steering method of an industrial truck. The industrial truck comprises a drive, at least three steerable wheels, at least one steering setpoint value transmitter which steers at least one of the at least three steerable wheels, a steering computer which provides angle setpoint values, and an electrical power electronics unit which supplies electrical energy to a steering motor associated with the at least one steered wheel. The method comprises steering, via the at least one steering setpoint value transmitter, the at least one steered wheel, detecting angular positions of the at least one steered wheel, providing the angle setpoint values via the steering computer, comparing the angular positions of the at least one steered wheel with the angle setpoint values provided via the steering computer so as to determine a setpoint/actual value difference, and controlling the electrical power electronics unit based on the setpoint/actual value difference.

A piston configured for use in a brake system is disclosed. The piston can comprise: a body; and a footing; the footing positioned adjacent an end of the body, and having a recess that receives a central portion of the end; during operation of the brake system, the footing extends along a brake pad, and is configured to exert force on the brake pad during actuation of the disk brake system; and the footing having a face configured to contact the brake pad, the face having a length and a width, wherein the length is longer than an outside width of the body, and the length is greater than the width, and/or the face having a cross-sectional area normal to a direction of travel of the piston that is larger than a cross-sectional area of the piston body that is normal to the direction of travel of the piston.