A direct-drive bicycle include a bicycle body, which extends to include a front fork. A front wheel is pivotally provided at a tube fixedly provided at the terminal end of the front fork. A shaft passes through the tube. A rotary disc is connected to the shaft. A pedal is provided at each end of the shaft through a connecting rod. A transmission assembly include a rotatable spline shaft provided, a friction wheel slidably provided at the spline shaft to press against a friction disc provided at a side of the front wheel, and a rotating wheel fixed to the spline shaft. The rotary disc is located between the spline shaft and the front wheel, and drives the rotating wheel to change the position where the friction wheel presses against the friction disc. Thus, the front wheel can be directly driven and provides continuously variable transmission.

A direct-drive bicycle include a bicycle body, which extends to include a front fork. A front wheel is pivotally provided at a tube fixedly provided at the terminal end of the front fork. A shaft passes through the tube. A rotary disc is connected to the shaft. A pedal is provided at each end of the shaft through a connecting rod. A transmission assembly include a rotatable spline shaft provided, a friction wheel slidably provided at the spline shaft to press against a friction disc provided at a side of the front wheel, and a rotating wheel fixed to the spline shaft. The rotary disc is located between the spline shaft and the front wheel, and drives the rotating wheel to change the position where the friction wheel presses against the friction disc. Thus, the front wheel can be directly driven and provides continuously variable transmission.

A control integrated structure of an electrically assisted bicycle includes a battery management system, a controller and a motor. The battery management system includes a battery assembly and an analog front end. The analog front end is electrically connected to the battery assembly. The controller includes a micro controller unit and a driver. The micro controller unit is electrically connected to the analog front end. The driver is electrically connected to the micro controller unit. The motor is electrically connected to the driver and controlled by the driver. The micro controller unit of the controller is directly electrically connected between the analog front end of the battery management system and the driver, thereby enabling the micro controller unit to control the motor via the driver.

A control integrated structure of an electrically assisted bicycle includes a battery management system, a controller and a motor. The battery management system includes a battery assembly and an analog front end. The analog front end is electrically connected to the battery assembly. The controller includes a micro controller unit and a driver. The micro controller unit is electrically connected to the analog front end. The driver is electrically connected to the micro controller unit. The motor is electrically connected to the driver and controlled by the driver. The micro controller unit of the controller is directly electrically connected between the analog front end of the battery management system and the driver, thereby enabling the micro controller unit to control the motor via the driver.

An operating device is provided for a human-powered vehicle. The operating device basically includes a base, a first operating member, a first electric switch, a first load generator and an operating load adjuster. The first operating member is movably arranged with respect to the base. The first electric switch is provided to the base and arranged to be activated by movement of the first operating member. The first load generator is configured to generate an operating load applied to the first operating member. The operating load adjuster is configured to adjust a transition of the operating load from a first load transition to a second load transition different from the first load transition.

A method for providing a prediction of a radius of a motorcycle turn, the method may include determining that the motorcycle is about to turn; predicting values of multiple radius of turn impacting (RTI) parameters; wherein the multiple RTI parameters are selected out of a group of parameters, wherein the selection was made during a machine learning training process, and the group of parameters comprises motorcycle kinematic parameters; determining, based on the determined values of the multiple RTI parameters, the estimated radius of the motorcycle turn; and performing a driving related operation based on the estimated radius of the motorcycle turn.

A method for providing a prediction of a radius of a motorcycle turn, the method may include determining that the motorcycle is about to turn; predicting values of multiple radius of turn impacting (RTI) parameters; wherein the multiple RTI parameters are selected out of a group of parameters, wherein the selection was made during a machine learning training process, and the group of parameters comprises motorcycle kinematic parameters; determining, based on the determined values of the multiple RTI parameters, the estimated radius of the motorcycle turn; and performing a driving related operation based on the estimated radius of the motorcycle turn.

A motor unit, which is an example of an embodiment, includes a motor including a motor shaft, a rotor fixed to the motor shaft, and a stator, and a control board, the control board being disposed with at least a part of the control board overlapping the motor when viewed in a motor axial direction. A sensor that detects a magnetic field of the motor shaft, the rotor, or a rotating body rotating together with the motor shaft, and a control element that controls the motor using detection information of the sensor, are mounted on the control board. The control board includes a signal line that connects the sensor and the control element. The signal line includes an arcuate wiring section bent to be convex in a radial direction outer side of a circle centering on a shaft core of the motor shaft.

A motor unit, which is an example of an embodiment, includes a motor including a motor shaft, a rotor fixed to the motor shaft, and a stator, and a control board, the control board being disposed with at least a part of the control board overlapping the motor when viewed in a motor axial direction. A sensor that detects a magnetic field of the motor shaft, the rotor, or a rotating body rotating together with the motor shaft, and a control element that controls the motor using detection information of the sensor, are mounted on the control board. The control board includes a signal line that connects the sensor and the control element. The signal line includes an arcuate wiring section bent to be convex in a radial direction outer side of a circle centering on a shaft core of the motor shaft.

A bicycle head is configured to be mounted on a bicycle frame. The bicycle head includes a vertical tube, a stem, a handlebar, a first brake lever, and a shift control box. One end of the stem is mounted on the vertical tube. The handlebar is fixed to another end of the stem. The first brake lever assembly is mounted on the handlebar. The first brake lever assembly includes a main body, a brake assembly, a shift switch, and a battery. The brake assembly and the battery are disposed on the main body, and the shift switch is disposed on the brake assembly. The shift control box is disposed on one of the vertical tube, the stem, and the handlebar and electrically connected to the battery and the shift switch.