A pedal for bicycles comprising: a pedal pin which extends along a reference axis and has a first axial end structured to be coupled to a pedal crank of a bicycle and a second axial end opposite to said first end, a pedal body that comprises a hub coupled in a freely rotatable manner to said pedal pin so as to be able to rotate around said reference axis. On said pedal pin there are at least two inner chambers having a circular section and extending along said reference axis coaxial thereto, a sensor circuit coupled to the pedal pin, an electronic circuit configured to determine the mechanical deformation of the pedal pin, an electric storage device arranged in an inner chamber.

A bicycle component comprising a stress/strain sensor aligned according to a stress/strain to be detected, and a temperature sensor associated with said stress/strain sensor, wherein said stress/strain sensor and said temperature sensor lie in planes that do not coincide with one another and are not parallel to each another.

A bicycle component comprising a stress/strain sensor aligned according to a stress/strain to be detected, and a temperature sensor associated with said stress/strain sensor, wherein said stress/strain sensor and said temperature sensor lie in planes that do not coincide with one another and are not parallel to each another.

A motor unit includes a case, a motor, an input shaft, an input body, an output body, and a speed reducer mechanism. The input shaft penetrates through the case in an axial direction and is arranged to be rotatable. The input body is disposed along an outer peripheral surface of the input shaft and rotates along with the input shaft. The output body is arranged along the outer peripheral surface of the input shaft to be rotatable and receives rotational force from the input body. The case includes a first bearing, a second bearing, and a third bearing. The first bearing is located at one end in an axial direction and supports a rotary shaft unit including the input shaft, the input body, and the output body. The second bearing is located at the other end in the axial direction and supports the rotary shaft unit. The third bearing is located between the first bearing and the second bearing in the axial direction and supports at least one of the input body or the output body.

A load cell for determining a radial force acting on a crankshaft includes a receiving sleeve for receiving a ring of a bearing; a fastening ring for attaching the load cell in a transmission housing; axial support areas provided on the fastening ring for axially supporting the ring of the bearing; and measuring regions for receiving radial forces of the receiving sleeve and which connect the receiving sleeve with the fastening ring, wherein strain sensors are attached to at least two of the measuring regions; and wherein the measuring regions comprise measuring lugs formed as angle brackets.

A torsion sensor, including a casing assembly, a sleeve set, a driven slider, a driving slider, an elastic member, a magnetic sensor, and a magnetic member is provided. The sleeve set includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, and a third sleeve. The first sleeve is disposed in the casing assembly. The second sleeve has a neck portion sleeved on the second side of the first sleeve. The third sleeve is disposed between the first and the second sleeves. The driven slider is connected to a head portion of the second sleeve. The driving slider surrounds an outer side of the driven slider. The elastic member surrounds an outer side of the second sleeve. One of the magnetic sensor and the magnetic member is disposed in the casing assembly, and the other one is disposed in the sleeve set. The magnetic sensor and the magnetic member are disposed opposite to each other.

A torsion sensor, including a casing assembly, a sleeve set, a driven slider, a driving slider, an elastic member, a magnetic sensor, and a magnetic member is provided. The sleeve set includes a first sleeve, a second sleeve, and a third sleeve. The first sleeve is disposed in the casing assembly. The second sleeve has a neck portion sleeved on the second side of the first sleeve. The third sleeve is disposed between the first and the second sleeves. The driven slider is connected to a head portion of the second sleeve. The driving slider surrounds an outer side of the driven slider. The elastic member surrounds an outer side of the second sleeve. One of the magnetic sensor and the magnetic member is disposed in the casing assembly, and the other one is disposed in the sleeve set. The magnetic sensor and the magnetic member are disposed opposite to each other.

A power-output torque detection mechanism includes an axle having two ends to which an input assembly and an output assembly drivable by the input assembly are respectively mounted. A torsion coupling assembly is arranged between the input assembly and the output assembly and the torsion coupling assembly is operable to detect a torque value that is transmitted out in a wired manner. As such, it is possible to fulfill fine and precise detection and transmission of a torque value, while avoiding distortion resulting from noise interference to allow subsequent input of assisting power to be more timely and more accurate. Further, the structure is effectively simplified to allow easy production and maintenance for further reducing overall cost.

Provided are a bicycle control system and a user verification method thereof, including a sensing module and a control module installed on a bicycle. The sensing module obtains a torque signal and an angle signal from a crank sensing component, further obtains a speed signal from a speed sensing unit, and outputs the torque signal, the angle signal, and the speed signal to the control module; the control module assembles the torque signal, the angle signal, and the speed signal into a signal sequence as a key to verify a user identity for the bicycle.

Provided are a bicycle control system and a user verification method thereof, including a sensing module and a control module installed on a bicycle. The sensing module obtains a torque signal and an angle signal from a crank sensing component, further obtains a speed signal from a speed sensing unit, and outputs the torque signal, the angle signal, and the speed signal to the control module; the control module assembles the torque signal, the angle signal, and the speed signal into a signal sequence as a key to verify a user identity for the bicycle.