A suspension apparatus includes a spring piston and a spring tube body. The spring piston is slidably disposed within the spring tube body to move within the spring tube body over a travel along an axis of reciprocation. The spring piston bounds a primary positive gas spring chamber at least a first portion of a primary negative gas spring chamber. The suspension apparatus also includes a secondary negative gas spring chamber and a separator. The separator permits fluid pressure communication between the primary negative gas spring chamber and the secondary negative gas spring chamber over a first portion of the travel of the spring piston, and the separator prevents fluid pressure communication between the primary negative gas spring chamber and the secondary negative gas spring chamber over a second portion of the travel of the spring piston.

A suspension apparatus includes a spring piston and a spring tube body. The spring piston is slidably disposed within the spring tube body to move within the spring tube body over a travel along an axis of reciprocation. The spring piston bounds a primary positive gas spring chamber at least a first portion of a primary negative gas spring chamber. The suspension apparatus also includes a secondary negative gas spring chamber and a separator. The separator permits fluid pressure communication between the primary negative gas spring chamber and the secondary negative gas spring chamber over a first portion of the travel of the spring piston, and the separator prevents fluid pressure communication between the primary negative gas spring chamber and the secondary negative gas spring chamber over a second portion of the travel of the spring piston.

An air spring assembly is disclosed. The air spring assembly includes an upper fork tube having a base lug on one end, a lower fork tube having an opening to receive the upper fork tube in a first axial end, and a fork tube gas seal to form a gas seal between the upper fork tube and the lower fork tube. A partial cartridge tube within a portion of the upper fork tube, the partial cartridge tube including a partial cartridge tube gas seal between an outer diameter (OD) of the partial cartridge tube and an inner diameter (ID) of the upper fork tube. An annular volume formed between the ID of the upper fork tube, the OD of the partial cartridge tube, the partial cartridge tube gas seal, and the base lug of the upper fork tube.

An air spring assembly is disclosed. The air spring assembly includes an upper fork tube having a base lug on one end, a lower fork tube having an opening to receive the upper fork tube in a first axial end, and a fork tube gas seal to form a gas seal between the upper fork tube and the lower fork tube. A partial cartridge tube within a portion of the upper fork tube, the partial cartridge tube including a partial cartridge tube gas seal between an outer diameter (OD) of the partial cartridge tube and an inner diameter (ID) of the upper fork tube. An annular volume formed between the ID of the upper fork tube, the OD of the partial cartridge tube, the partial cartridge tube gas seal, and the base lug of the upper fork tube.

A control device is configured to control a damping force of a damping device using a difference between a front-rear acceleration of a vehicle main body and a rotational acceleration of a vehicle wheel, the damping device being configured to dampen a force generated between the vehicle main body and the vehicle wheel.

A control device is configured to control a damping force of a damping device using a difference between a front-rear acceleration of a vehicle main body and a rotational acceleration of a vehicle wheel, the damping device being configured to dampen a force generated between the vehicle main body and the vehicle wheel.

A self-powered motorcycle or bicycle includes: a pair of shock absorber frame housings (101), each having a cylindrical hollow inside, a closed upper end portion, a split space formed at a lower end portion, rack gear moving holes (101a) respectively formed in both sides of the outer wall in a longitudinal direction, and self-powered generators (100) respectively mounted on both sides of the outer wall, the pair of shock absorber frame housings being mounted to face each other; a pair of shock absorber frames (102); disc-shaped partitions (102c) fixed in a horizontal direction; anti-rotation protrusions (104a) formed at both sides of the spring guide in a longitudinal direction; and anti-rotation protrusion guide holes (102b) formed at both sides of the shock absorber frame.

A self-powered motorcycle or bicycle includes: a pair of shock absorber frame housings (101), each having a cylindrical hollow inside, a closed upper end portion, a split space formed at a lower end portion, rack gear moving holes (101a) respectively formed in both sides of the outer wall in a longitudinal direction, and self-powered generators (100) respectively mounted on both sides of the outer wall, the pair of shock absorber frame housings being mounted to face each other; a pair of shock absorber frames (102); disc-shaped partitions (102c) fixed in a horizontal direction; anti-rotation protrusions (104a) formed at both sides of the spring guide in a longitudinal direction; and anti-rotation protrusion guide holes (102b) formed at both sides of the shock absorber frame.

A three wheeled vehicle is provided that can include a frame, a steerable front wheel secured to a front end of the frame, a first trailing wheel arm having a first rear wheel secured thereto and a second trailing wheel arm having a second rear wheel secured thereto, and a central suspension joint secured to the frame on which the first and second trailing wheel arm is rotatably secured on either side of the frame. Further, the vehicle can include a horizontal linkage pivotably connected on the frame at the midsection beneath the first and second trailing wheel arms and linked to an underside of the first and second trailing wheel arm between the first wheel and the central suspension joint proximal to a first end of the horizontal linkage and between the second wheel and the central suspension joint proximal to a second end of the horizontal linkage, respectively.

A three wheeled vehicle is provided that can include a frame, a steerable front wheel secured to a front end of the frame, a first trailing wheel arm having a first rear wheel secured thereto and a second trailing wheel arm having a second rear wheel secured thereto, and a central suspension joint secured to the frame on which the first and second trailing wheel arm is rotatably secured on either side of the frame. Further, the vehicle can include a horizontal linkage pivotably connected on the frame at the midsection beneath the first and second trailing wheel arms and linked to an underside of the first and second trailing wheel arm between the first wheel and the central suspension joint proximal to a first end of the horizontal linkage and between the second wheel and the central suspension joint proximal to a second end of the horizontal linkage, respectively.