A web handling apparatus is disclosed. The web handling apparatus includes a first web guide to engage a print medium, a second web guide to engage the print medium to adjust a contact area between the first web guide and the print medium upon moving between a plurality of points on a guide path and a third web guide to engage the print medium to form a web path with the first web guide.

A print substrate transport system comprises a print substrate supply mechanism and a tensioner. The print substrate supply mechanism is configured to advance print substrate to a printing zone in a discontinuous motion. The tensioner is provided downstream of the print printing zone and is configured to guide a path of the print substrate from the printing zone to a post-processing zone, to control tension in the print substrate in the post-processing zone, and to convert the discontinuous motion of the substrate to continuous motion. A print substrate transport method comprises supplying a print substrate to a printing zone in a discontinuous motion, controlling a tension of the print substrate on a path downstream of the printing zone and converting the motion of the substrate from the discontinuous motion to a continuous motion.

A curling device for curling a flexible sheet is provided. The curling device includes: a curling component configured to fix a first end of the flexible sheet; a movable part configured to fix a second end of the flexible sheet, the second end being opposite to the first end; and a transmission mechanism coupled to the curling component and the movable part, respectively; the transmission mechanism is configured to move the movable part relative to the curling component in a first direction, in response to receiving an external driving force, so as to drive the curling component to rotate, the first direction is perpendicular to an axis direction of the curling component.

A unit for applying opening devices to a web of packaging material at predetermined areas of the web arranged at a non-zero distance from one another along the web; the unit comprises a feeding group configured for feeding the web along an advancing path; at least one first tool, arranged at a first desired position along the path and configured to apply a first opening device to a corresponding first predetermined area arranged at the first desired position; and at least one second tool, arranged at a second desired position along the path and configured to apply a second opening device to a corresponding second predetermined area arranged at the second desired position; and a buffer portion arranged along the path, downstream of the second tool and upstream of the first tool, and configured to include and/or accumulate a web portion having a number of predetermined areas which is an integer multiple of the number of tools of the unit.

A system and method for transferring an electrode substrate, including a process of pressing an electrode substrate, supplied from a winding roll, in a direction opposite to a winding direction, by using a bending mitigation roller. According to the present system and method, it is possible to resolve a bending phenomenon of an electrode substrate supplied from a winding roll and significantly reduce product defects while not lowering the process efficiency.

A web processing system which includes two rollers configured to rotate at the same phase while being in contact with a web which continuously exists along a movement passage and a suppressing mechanism for suppressing a tension variation of the web between the two rollers.

An electrode sheet rewinding apparatus for rewinding an electrode sheet includes a bobbin having a PET film wound therearound, a bobbin holder configured to hold the bobbin, a base plate located under the bobbin holder and configured to support the bobbin holder, a roller type touch roll configured to press an electrode sheet rewound around the bobbin above the bobbin to prevent meandering of the electrode sheet, a vertical plate located at one side of the base plate, the touch roll attached to the vertical plate, and an idle roller unit configured to form a tangential line to the electrode sheet rewound around the bobbin together with the touch roll. The idle roller unit includes an idle roller configured to maintain tension of the electrode sheet and to form a tangential line to the electrode sheet and two driving mechanisms configured to change the position of the idle roller.

A device for introducing patterns by radiating a wound continuous substrate. The device provides patterning during continuous roll-to-roll movement without material slippage and with minimal distortion by providing a dancer roll between a processing drum and an unwinder roll on one side, and a winder roll on the other side, for tautly guiding the continuous substrate along a contact surface of at least half of the circumference of the processing drum in order to drive the continuous substrate without slippage. The dancer rolls are adapted to tautly guide the advancing substrate web and returning substrate web with a constant force, and an equilibrium is adjustable between a defined counterforce and the constant action of force on the dancer roll by a stabilization device, and is maintained constant by a controller based on measured deflections of the dancer roll by controlling the rotational speed of the unwinder and winder rolls.

Provided is a bag making apparatus with a simple configuration that: prevents fluctuations in tension, slippage of seal positions, and meandering or skewing of a web of film; allows the setting of precise initial conditions; reduces or makes unnecessary monitoring, and time and structures for adjustment; allows increased feed rate; and improves production efficiency. The bag making apparatus for packaging containers comprises: a tension control unit for controlling the continuous feed rate according to the values detected by a tension sensor of a tension detection roll; an optical detection unit for simultaneously recognizing multiple marks provided on the surface of the web of film at the respective positions thereof; a skewing correction unit; and a seal position correction unit for adjusting the positions of multiple sealing units in the feed direction.

A dunnage conversion machine for converting an expandable pre-slit sheet stock material into a relatively less dense dunnage product includes an improved expansion assembly that provides means for adjusting the spacing between axes of rotation of components through which the sheet stock material is drawn. The adjustability enables pre-slit sheet stock materials of differing thicknesses and/or having differing slit patterns to be fed through the expansion assembly with no or minimal compression of an expanded dunnage product, jamming in the conversion machine, bunching, and/or tearing of the pre-slit sheet stock material or expanded dunnage product resulting from expansion of the pre-slit sheet stock material.