An image forming apparatus includes a reverse roller pair configured to reverse a conveyance direction of a recording medium between a first direction and a second direction, a first conveyance roller pair configured to convey the recording medium in the first direction, and a second conveyance roller pair configured to convey the recording medium in the second direction. A first distance is between the first conveyance roller pair and a reversal position in which a trailing edge of the recording medium is located when the conveyance direction is reversed. A second distance is between the reversal position and the second conveyance roller pair. An absolute value of a difference between the first distance and the second distance is an integer multiple of a circumferential length of a drive roller of the reverse roller pair or within a predetermined range from the integer multiple.

A packaging machine may include a foil transport device and a controlling system for controlling an operation of at least one drive unit of the foil transport device. The controlling system is designed to activate the drive unit during a production run of the packaging machine on the basis of a speed- and/or temperature-dependent friction moment characteristic curve detected by means of a rotationally driven measurement run carried out by the drive unit. The disclosure furthermore relates to a method for controlling a drive unit of a foil transport device.

A control device using, as a learning target, a transporting apparatus, a rotation control section which controls at least one of a rotation speed of a first roller and a rotation speed of a second roller, and a position detection section which detects a position of the transport target matter, the control device including a state variable acquisition section which acquires a state variable and a detection result of the position detection section, the state variable being based on information of a state of the transport target matter and information of an environment to which the transport target matter is exposed, and a learning section which learns a control expression for calculating a control value of the rotation control section based on a dataset containing the state variable acquired by the state variable acquisition section and the detection result of the position detection section.

Provided are a medium conveying apparatus, a control method, and a control program to enable more accurate detennination whether a medium conveyance abnormality has occurred. A medium conveying apparatus includes an ultrasonic transmitter capable of outputting an ultrasonic wave, an ultrasonic receiver opposed to the ultrasonic transmitter, to receive the ultrasonic wave and output an ultrasonic signal corresponding to the received ultrasonic wave, a pressure detection module to detect atmospheric pressure, based on the ultrasonic signal, a sound receiver to receive a sound and generate a sound signal corresponding to the received sound, an abnormality determination module to determine whether a medium conveyance abnormality has occurred, based on the sound signal, and a modification module to modify sensitivity of the sound receiver, correct the sound signal, or modify a criterion for determination of a medium conveyance abnormality by the abnormality determination module, based on the atmospheric pressure.

An image processing apparatus includes a transmitter, a receiver, a comparison circuit, and a control unit. The transmitter transmits an ultrasonic wave to a conveyance path through which a sheet is conveyed. The receiver faces the transmitter with the conveyance path in between, and receives the ultrasonic wave transmitted by the transmitter. The comparison circuit compares a level signal indicating a reception level of the ultrasonic wave received by the receiver with a threshold signal for determining whether or not the sheet is double-fed in the conveyance path, and outputs a comparison result signal according to the comparison result. The control unit determines whether or not there is a possibility of a defect in the double feed detection function of detecting double feed based on the comparison result signal and the level signal.

In steady control, a shaft control unit (922) adjusts rotation speed of a first support shaft (31) to cause a first roll (R1) to have peripheral speed equal to predetermined conveyance speed by maintaining a sheet storage amount in a storage mechanism (5) in a first storage amount as a reference. In storage amount adjustment control, the shaft control unit (922) accelerates the rotation speed of the first support shaft (31) to increase the peripheral speed of the first roll (R1) higher than the conveyance speed, until the sheet storage amount in the storage mechanism (5) reaches a predetermined second storage amount that is larger than the first storage amount. A calculation unit (911) calculates an outer diameter of the first roll (R1) based on the conveyance speed when the steady control is performed, and calculates the outer diameter of the first roll (R1) based on the sheet thickness calculated from a decrease amount of the outer diameter of the first roll (R1) in the steady control when the storage amount adjustment control is performed.

A sheet feeding apparatus includes a stacking unit including a plate, a feeding unit including a roller, a holder including a detected member, a drive unit and a controller. The detected member is positioned in a first position where the detected member is not detected by a detector in a case that the feeding unit is new, and is moved from the first position to a second position where the detected member is projected so as to be detected by the detector when the new feeding unit is mounted on the holder and the roller is driven. The controller controls the drive unit to perform up-and-down operation of the plate so that the plate is set to a feedable state of the sheet in a case that the feeding unit is mounted, and determines whether or not the feeding unit is new based on a detection result of the detector.

A sheet conveyance device includes a roller by which a sheet having a wireless tag is conveyed along a path, a communication device configured to transmit a radio signal to the wireless tag and receive a response signal therefrom, and a processor configured to repeatedly perform a process of controlling the roller to convey a sheet along the path while controlling the communication device to transmit the radio signal to a wireless tag of the sheet using a transmission power that is different in each repeat, and acquire a strength of the response signal from the wireless tag, and specify a minimum strength of the response signal that has been acquired in the repeated process, the minimum strength being equal to or greater than a threshold, and set a transmission power that has been used when the minimum strength has been acquired as a reference strength of the radio signal.

An image forming apparatus includes a registration unit, a first paper feeding unit, a second paper feeding unit, and a control unit, which performs a primary paper feeding for conveying a paper sheet to a registration position, finishes the primary paper feeding at timing when the paper sheet reaches the registration position, and then after operating a target paper feeding unit until a preceding feeding time elapses, performs a secondary paper feeding for conveying the paper sheet to the printing position. The control unit sets different values of the preceding feeding time for the case where the first paper feeding unit is the target paper feeding unit and the case where the second paper feeding unit is the target paper feeding unit.

A printer is disclosed. The printer has a media control system to control the tension in media loaded in a paper path in the printer. A motor in the media control system is characterized to determine a plurality of motor characteristics. The media control system uses the motor characteristics to adjust the control signal to the motor.