This invention describes a novel method of obtaining life-sustaining quantities of oxygen by the reduction of carbon dioxide. It involves using submerged plasma arcs generated by high voltage capacitors to reduce carbon dioxide in water resulting in the production of oxygen and carbon. It promises to be a novel method for the production of large volumes of free oxygen capable of sustaining oxygen breathing life in extra terrestrial environments. Hence the use of the word “production” rather than “process” in the title.

The present invention relates to catalysts or catalytic systems comprising liquid metals, and in particular, to catalysts or catalytic systems comprising liquid metals droplets dispersed in a solvent, as well as to methods and uses of such catalysts or catalytic systems. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides a ‘green’ carbon capture and conversion technology offering scalability and economic viability for mitigating CO.sub.2 emissions.

An ozone treatment system which is usable in enclosed or confined spaces for the inactivation of pathogens such as bacteria and viruses in these spaces.

An apparatus and method generate oxygen gas from sodium percarbonate and water including seawater. The apparatus includes a chamber, a valve system, and an output port. The valve system controls combining a quantity of the sodium percarbonate, a quantity of the water, a quantity of potassium iodide, and optionally a quantity of sodium sulfate decahydrate. A chemical reaction between the sodium percarbonate and the water in the chamber generates oxygen gas, which is output at an output port from the chamber. The potassium iodide is a catalyst for the chemical reaction and optionally the sodium sulfate decahydrate is a temperature moderator for the chemical reaction. A ratio between the water and the sodium percarbonate is in a range of 2.5 to 8 by weight. A ratio of the potassium iodide per liter of the water yields a molarity in a range of 0.25 to 1.25.

A compact lightweight air filtration system is disclosed. The air filtration system includes a hydrophobic particulate/coalescing filter and a cleanable ozone converter housed in a housing with an inlet and an outlet. Air flowing from the inlet to the outlet passes through the particulate/coalescing filter element and then the cleanable ozone converter to remove particulates, aerosols, liquids, and ozone. The air filtration system may comprise a fuel tank inerting system (FTIS) filter assembly. The FTIS filter assembly may include a binderless media (no binder) suitable for use in high temperatures. The FTIS filter assembly includes a catalytic converter configured to adsorb one or more VOCs, such as Toluene, Propylene Glycol (C.sub.3H.sub.8O.sub.2), Pentanoic Acid, Butane (C.sub.4H.sub.10), Formaldehyde (CH.sub.2O), and Carbon Dioxide (CO.sub.2).

A device for conversion of carbon dioxide to oxygen, includes, in order, an axial compressor, a centrifuge compressor, a drum, an air pump, and a housing which provides an accommodating space to house the above assemblies together. The axial compressor and centrifuge compressor inhale the carbon dioxide rich air into the accommodating space, then the carbon dioxide rich air pass through the surface of the reactor drum which cause the carbon dioxide bouncing between the reactor drum and the wall of the accommodating space, the collisions of the carbon dioxide molecules will bend and break the molecule bond between carbon and oxygen to produce oxygen. The device, as mentioned earlier, provides a solution to the greenhouse effect, which eliminates the carbon dioxide and generates oxygen by physical method, and advances a design to enhance the conversion process, which has the potential of being enlargement.

A catalyst bed includes a structure defining a plurality of channels configured to receive flow of fluid to be chemically catalyzed. The plurality of channels are oriented at least partially non-parallel to an overall flow direction of the flow from inputs of the plurality of channels to outputs of the plurality of channels. A catalyst is exposed at an exterior of the structure.

An electrolytic system and method of manufacturing white phosphorus.

The invention relates to a method for nitrogen removal from aqueous medium, comprising steps of (a) converting NH.sub.4.sup.+ in the aqueous medium to NO.sub.2.sup.− by partial aerobic nitrification, (b) partially reducing the obtained NO.sub.2.sup.− to N.sub.2O in anoxic conditions, and (c) decomposing N.sub.2O to N.sub.2 with energy recovery. A mixture of ferrous sulfate and ferric sulfate is used in step (b) for reduction of NO.sub.2.sup.− to N.sub.2O.

The present disclosure describes material surface treatment systems and methods that employ a byproduct treatment system to receive a byproduct generated by application of a plasma, the byproduct treatment system configured to degrade the byproduct and exhaust the degraded byproduct from the material surface treatment. The disclosed byproduct treatment system modifies the byproduct prior to evacuation from the material treatment system in order to reduce or eliminate byproduct contamination into the surrounding atmosphere.