The electroluminescent element includes a QD layer and an electron transport layers. QD phosphor particles contained in the QD layer are nanocrystals containing zinc and selenium, or zinc, selenium, and sulfur. A fluorescent half width of the QD phosphor particles is 25 nm or less, and a fluorescent peak wavelength of the QD phosphor particles is 410 nm or more and 470 nm or less. The QD layer contains a surface modifier that protects surfaces of the quantum dots, and a weight ratio of the surface modifier to the QD phosphor particles is 0.115 and more and 0.207 or less.