The invention provides a method of reducing dinitrogen to produce at least one haloamine compound, the method comprising: contacting a cathode comprising a dinitrogen-activating electrocatalytic composition with an electrolyte; providing dinitrogen, a reducible source of halogen and a source of hydrogen for reaction at the cathode; and applying a potential at the cathode sufficient to reduce the dinitrogen on the dinitrogen-activating electrocatalytic composition in the presence of the reducible source of halogen and the source of hydrogen, thereby producing at least one haloamine compound.

A plant and relative controlled production method of monochloramine; inside a reactor, at least a means or group creates and/or maintains a turbulent regime during the production reaction of monochloramine; at the end, at least a post-dosing means performs a further dosage of reagent directly in the concentrated solution of monochloramine produced directly in reactor or on the transfer piping or directly into the storage tank.

System (100) and method of automatically controlling an active oxidant concentration (e.g. sodium hypochlorite) for a process of producing monochloramine comprising applying metered amounts of an oxidant solution and an amine solution to a defined area (114). An electrochemical measurement device is provided in association with the oxidant solution and prior to the defined area, N comprising at least first and second electrodes and an output terminal. A predetermined voltage potential is applied across the first and second electrodes, wherein an obtained amperometric measurement corresponds to a real-time concentration of the active oxidant in the oxidant solution. A feedback signal is generated based on the obtained measurement via the output terminal to a controller (108), which automatically regulates, in real-time and based at least in part on the control signal, the metered amount of oxidant solution provided to the defined area.

Described herein is a filtration medium comprising a carbon substrate having a surface of CO.sub.xE.sub.y, wherein E is selected from at least one of S, Se, and Te; and wherein x is no more than 0.1 and y is 0.005 to 0.3; a filtration device comprising the filtration medium; and methods of removing chloramines from aqueous solutions.

A method and apparatus for controlling the production of a haloamine biocide based on direct, in-process, measurement of the oxidant content to produce a desired haloamine biocide for the control of growth of microorganisms in aqueous systems, particularly in industrial water systems, is provided.

A method for producing a haloamine solution with reduced amounts of halogen oxyanions including (a) the on-site generation of a halogen-containing oxidant, such as a solution and (b) reacting on-site the halogen-containing oxidant with a nitrogen source, to thereby produce the haloamine solution.

System (100) and method of automatically controlling an active oxidant concentration (e.g. sodium hypochlorite) for a process of producing monochloramine comprising applying metered amounts of an oxidant solution and an amine solution to a defined area (114). An electrochemical measurement device is provided in association with the oxidant solution and prior to the defined area, N comprising at least first and second electrodes and an output terminal. A predetermined voltage potential is applied across the first and second electrodes, wherein an obtained amperometric measurement corresponds to a real-time concentration of the active oxidant in the oxidant solution. A feedback signal is generated based on the obtained measurement via the output terminal to a controller (108), which automatically regulates, in real-time and based at least in part on the control signal, the metered amount of oxidant solution provided to the defined area.

A method for producing a haloamine solution with reduced amounts of halogen oxyanions including (a) the on-site generation of a halogen-containing oxidant, such as a solution and (b) reacting on-site the halogen-containing oxidant with a nitrogen source, to thereby produce the haloamine solution.

A method for producing a haloamine solution with reduced amounts of halogen oxyanions including (a) the on-site generation of a halogen-containing oxidant, such as a solution and (b) reacting on-site the halogen-containing oxidant with a nitrogen source, to thereby produce the haloamine solution.

A process for the production of monochloramine characterized in that it provides for drawing a portion of water intended for the user and exclusively using the portion for preparing the monochloramine solution. The portion intended for the reaction of formation of monochloramine is subjected to a treatment on osmotic membrane, obtaining osmotized water. Subsequently, there is the reaction of the water with reagents in a reactor. In the reaction step, inside the reactor, the osmotized water enters from a first orifice (C) via a solenoid valve with micrometric regulation (EV1). Inside the same reactor, the base chemical products enter via the respective orifices A and B. The base chemical products enter due to the action of metering pumps (e.g. peristaltic pumps). The system is managed by PLC.