A system is described that is capable of operating as an energy conversion system that functions as a fuel cell and generates electrical current from a fuel or fuels, or as a reactor for conversion of starter materials into more complex molecules through ion-ion and ion-molecules and which may preferably be adapted to operate as a gas to liquid (GTL) process. The system ionises at least one fuel or starter material and manipulates, selects and transports ions for reaction by means of suitable electrostatic or electrodynamic ion guides, filters or drift tubes. The system of the present application replaces the electrolyte, catalyst and/or membrane found in classic fuel cells or GTL processes with an electrostatic or electrodynamic ion manipulation region such as an ion guide, analyser, drift tube or filter.

Green hydrogen and solid carbon can be produced by reacting captured methane with a catalyst in a reaction chamber. A liquid base fluid can form a continuous phase within the reaction chamber with a plurality of liquid metal carrier droplets dispersed in the base fluid. The catalyst can be nano-sized particles that can coat the surfaces of the carrier droplets. Agitation can be supplied to the reaction chamber to maintain dispersion of the liquid metal carrier droplets and increase contact of the methane and catalyst particles. The reaction temperature can be less than the temperature required for water electrolysis or steam methane reforming processes. The green hydrogen and solid carbon can be used as a power source for wellsite equipment in the form of fuel cells to generate electricity or power or used to charge batteries.

A hybrid dehydrogenation reaction system includes: an acid aqueous solution tank having an acid aqueous solution; an exothermic dehydrogenation reactor including a chemical hydride of a solid state and receiving the acid aqueous solution from the acid aqueous solution tank for an exothermic dehydrogenation reaction of the chemical hydride and the acid aqueous solution to generate hydrogen; an LOHC tank including a liquid organic hydrogen carrier (LOHC); and an endothermic dehydrogenation reactor receiving the liquid organic hydrogen carrier from the LOHC tank and generating hydrogen through an endothermic dehydrogenation reaction of the liquid organic hydrogen carrier by using heat generated from the exothermic dehydrogenation reactor.

Disclosed is a carbon dioxide utilization system capable of recharging and undergoing reactions. The system includes a cathode unit provided with a first aqueous solution accommodated in a first accommodation space, and a cathode at least a part of which is submerged in the first aqueous solution; an anode unit provided with an alkaline second aqueous solution accommodated in a second accommodation space, and a metal anode at least a part of which is submerged in the second aqueous solution; and a connection unit provided with a connection channel connecting the first and second accommodation spaces in open communication, and a porous ion transfer member, disposed in the connection channel, for blocking the movement of the first and second aqueous solutions but allowing the movement of ions.

The invention relates to a process for the thermal decomposition of ammonia. The process comprises passing ammonia through a conduit which contains an ammonia decomposition catalyst in a part thereof. At least a section of the part of the conduit which contains the catalyst is immersed in molten lead as heat transfer medium, which is at a temperature at which the catalyst is capable of catalyzing the decomposition of ammonia into hydrogen and nitrogen. A reactor for carrying out this process is also disclosed.

Disclosed is a method for producing a hydrogen-generating fuel, the hydrogen-generating fuel obtained, a method for producing hydrogen from the fuel, a device for carrying out the production method, a method for operating the device, and a hydrogen-based fuel obtained by use of the production method. The production method is characterized in that it consists in mixing, in a liquid, particles of one or more metals which are corrodible by a basic chemical substance or an acidic chemical substance for the purpose of producing hydrogen, the particles being kept in suspension in the liquid, and the mixture composed of the liquid and the particles being chemically stabilized so as to prevent chemical reaction between the liquid and the particles.

Reactors are provided that can include a first set of fluid channels and a second set of fluid channels oriented in thermal contact with the first set of fluid channels. The reactor assemblies can also provide where the channels of either one or both of the first of the set of fluid channels are non-linear. Other implementations provide for at least one of the first set of fluid channels being in thermal contact with a plurality of other channels of the second set of fluid channels. Reactor assemblies are also provided that can include a first set of fluid channels defining at least one non-linear channel having a positive function, and a second set of fluid channels defining at least another non-linear channel having a negative function in relation to the positive function of the one non-linear channel of the first set of fluid channels. Processes for distributing energy across a reactor are provided. The processes can include transporting reactants via a first set of fluid channels to a second set of fluid channels, and thermally engaging at least one of the first set of fluid channels with at least two of the second set of fluid channels.

A fuel cell system includes a fuel cell stack, a fuel inlet conduit configured to provide a fuel to a fuel inlet of the fuel cell stack, an electrochemical pump separator containing an electrolyte, a cathode, and a carbon monoxide tolerant anode, a fuel exhaust conduit that operatively connects a fuel exhaust outlet of the fuel cell stack to an anode inlet of the electrochemical pump separator, and a product conduit which operatively connects a cathode outlet of the electrochemical pump separator to the fuel inlet conduit.

Hydrogen generation assemblies, hydrogen purification devices, and their components, and methods of manufacturing those assemblies, devices, and components are disclosed. In some embodiments, the devices may include an insulation base having insulating material and at least one passage that extends through the insulating material. In some embodiments, the at least one passage may be in fluid communication with a combustion region.

A system for hydrogen recovery includes a dryer having an inlet that may be fluidly connected to a hydrogen outlet of a hydrogen generator, a hydrogen using device having an inlet fluidly connected to a dry hydrogen outlet of the dryer, and one or more conduits fluidly connecting a wet hydrogen outlet from the dryer and an impure hydrogen exhaust outlet of the hydrogen using device to the inlet of the dryer.