An apparatus for generating hydrogen from solid carbonaceous feed stock for production of electricity, chemicals, or fuels using all-steam gasification includes a micronized char preparation system comprising a devolatilizer and an indirect all-steam gasifier generating syngas. A syngas cooler is configured to at least partial quench the syngas and can to produce steam. A syngas clean up system removes ash and residual carbon, a carbon-capture system includes a water gas shift system and CO.sub.2 removal system. A pressure swing absorber (PSA) generating tailgas. An oxygen-fueled burner receives tailgas from the PSA and provides heat to a sorbent enhanced reformer (SER) battery limit system. A hydrogen cooler receives tailgas from the PSA that provides heat to the SER battery limit system. A CO.sub.2 cooler receives tailgas from the PSA that providing heat to the sorbent enhanced reformer battery limit system.

The present disclosure provides natural gas and petrochemical processing systems including oxidative coupling of methane reactor systems that integrate process inputs and outputs to cooperatively utilize different inputs and outputs of the various systems in the production of higher hydrocarbons from natural gas and other hydrocarbon feedstocks.

Soot removal process at or inside a synthesis gas- and/or CO-containing gas production apparatus using as feed gases carbon dioxide, steam, hydrogen and/or a hydrocarbon-containing residual gas and using electrical energy in RWGS processes, electrolyses for electrochemical decomposition of carbon dioxide and/or steam, reforming operations and/or synthesis gas production processes with at least one gas production unit, an electrolysis stack and/or a heater-reactor combination for performing an RWGS reaction and at least one cooling sector/recuperator for CO-containing gas and/or synthesis gas, and also a soot removal assembly. Formation of soot can be suppressed or prevented during gas cooling and soot that is nevertheless deposited can be removed again from the heat exchanger surface.

The present invention relates to a reactor and a process for producing a product gas by gasification of a hydrocarbon-containing fuel. The reactor has a reaction space and a cooling space and an intermediate floor which spatially separates the reaction space from the cooling space. A gas duct for ducting the product gas to be cooled from the reaction space into the cooling space extends through the intermediate floor, including a shaped body which at least partially extends over a free cross sectional area of the cooling space and effects partial blocking of the cross sectional area of the cooling space is arranged in the cooling space of the reactor, wherein the shaped body is arranged such that after flowing around the shaped body at least a portion of the cooled product gas subsequently exits the reactor via the cool gas outlet of the cooling space.

A process for converting carbon dioxide and hydrogen into a product stream comprising carbon monoxide, water and hydrogen by introducing carbon dioxide, hydrogen and oxygen into a reaction vessel, and performing a reverse water gas shift reaction at elevated temperature, wherein (a) no catalyst is present in vessel (b) gas stream comprising carbon dioxide, a hydrogen and an oxygen rich gas stream are introduced into the vessel in separate feed streams, (c) the hydrogen and oxygen rich gas stream being introduced in close vicinity of each other, via burner comprising coaxial channels wherein gases gas undergo a combustion reaction, providing the heating energy required for the reverse water-gas shift reaction; and (d) the temperature in vessel is in the range of 1000 to 1500° C. by varying the molar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen.

It is useful in reducing the carbon footprint of certain industrial technologies, and in production of synthesis gas.

A heat recovery system for plasma reformers is comprised of a cascade of regenerators and recuperators that are arranged to transfer in stages the heat at high temperatures for storage, transport, and recirculation. Recirculation of heat increases the efficiency of plasma reformers and heat exchanging reduces temperature of the product for downstream applications.

A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed. An eductor condenser unit in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor is used to condense pyrolysis gases. The eductor condenser unit has an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor The second flow path intersects the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid. The eductor body has a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor. A mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitates mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases, wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber.

A process is described for steam reforming a hydrocarbon feedstock containing one or more nitrogen compounds, comprising passing a mixture of the hydrocarbon feedstock and steam through a catalyst bed consisting of one nickel steam reforming catalysts disposed within a plurality of externally heated tubes in a tubular steam reformer, wherein each tube has an inlet to which the mixture of hydrocarbon and steam is fed, an outlet from which a reformed gas containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, steam, ammonia and methane is recovered, and the steam reforming catalyst at least at the outlet of the tubes is a particulate eggshell steam reforming catalyst comprising 2.5 to 9.5% by weight nickel, expressed as NiO, wherein the nickel is provided in a layer at the surface of the catalyst and the thickness of layer is in the range of 100 to 1000 μm.

Methods and systems for processing construction and demolition (C&D) materials to produce a product gas stream and/or electricity are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method comprises pre-processing C&D materials to produce a C&D feed, and processing the C&D feed to produce syngas. The C&D feed can comprise untreated wood, treated wood, paper and cardboard, yard waste, plastic, rubber, and/or foam. Processing the C&D feed can comprise gasifying the C&D feed, steam, and oxygen in a gasifier at a temperature of no more than 950° C. and/or a pressure of no more than 200 psi to produce syngas.

A system for the pyrolysis of a pyrolysis feedstock utilizes a pyrolysis reactor for producing pyrolysis products from the pyrolysis feedstock to be pyrolyzed. An eductor condenser unit in fluid communication with the pyrolysis reactor is used to condense pyrolysis gases. The eductor condenser unit has an eductor assembly having an eductor body that defines a first flow path with a venturi restriction disposed therein for receiving a pressurized coolant fluid and a second flow path for receiving pyrolysis gases from the pyrolysis reactor. The second flow path intersects the first flow path so that the received pyrolysis gases are combined with the coolant fluid. The eductor body has a discharge to allow the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases to be discharged together from the eductor. A mixing chamber in fluid communication with the discharge of the eductor to facilitates mixing of the combined coolant fluid and pyrolysis gases, wherein at least a portion of the pyrolysis gases are condensed within the mixing chamber.