A water-based graphene dispersion is made by shear stabilization. The method of preparing the water-based graphene dispersion using shear stabilization includes adding a composition containing a graphene powder, a super wetter surfactant and a water dispersible rheology agent into water to form an aqueous mixture; and shearing the aqueous mixture under high pressures to break down the thick layers of the graphene powder to thin layers of graphene platelet particles and to form the water-based graphene dispersion with the graphene platelet particles dispersed in the water-based graphene dispersion. The water-based graphene dispersion is stable without visible phase separation after storage at room temperature for at least one year or even more than one year.

A method of producing a graphene suspension, comprising: (a) mixing multiple particles of a graphitic material and multiple particles of a solid carrier material to form a mixture in an impacting chamber of an energy impacting apparatus; (b) operating the energy impacting apparatus with a frequency and an intensity for a length of time sufficient for peeling off graphene sheets from the graphitic material and transferring the graphene sheets to surfaces of the carrier material particles to produce graphene-coated carrier particles inside the impacting chamber; and (c) dispersing the graphene-coated carrier particles in a liquid medium and separating the graphene sheets from the carrier material particles using ultrasonication or mechanical shearing means and removing the carrier material from the liquid medium to produce the graphene suspension. The process is fast (1-4 hours as opposed to 5-120 hours of conventional processes), environmentally benign, cost effective, and highly scalable.

This disclosure provides systems, methods, and apparatus related to graphene. In one aspect, a method includes submerging a frame support in an etching solution that is contained in a container. A growth substrate, a graphene sheet disposed on the growth substrate, and a primary support disposed on the graphene sheet is placed on a surface of the etching solution. The growth substrate is dissolved in the etching solution to leave the graphene sheet and the primary support floating on a surface of the etching solution. The etching solution in the container is replaced with a washing solution. The washing solution is removed from the container so that the graphene sheet becomes disposed on the frame support.

The present invention provides a graphene structure having graphene bubbles and a preparation method for the same. The preparation method comprises: providing a substrate; forming a hydrogen terminated layer on a top surface of the substrate and a graphene layer disposed on a top surface of the hydrogen terminated layer; and placing a probe on the graphene layer and applying a preset voltage to the probe, to excite a part of the hydrogen terminated layer at a position corresponding to the probe to convert into hydrogen, the hydrogen causing the graphene layer at a position corresponding to the hydrogen to bulge, so as to form a graphene bubble enveloping the hydrogen.

The invention, belonging to the field of membrane technology, presents a method for the direct growth of ultrathin porous graphene separation membranes. Etching agent, organic solvent and polymer are coated on metal foil, and then they are calcined at high temperature in absence of oxygen; after removal of metal substrate and reaction products, single-layered or multi-layered porous graphene membranes are obtained. Alternatively, the dispersion or solution of etching agent is coated on metal foil, on which a polymer film is then overlaid. The obtained sample is subsequently calcined at high temperature in absence of oxygen; after removal of metal substrate and reaction products, single-layered or multi-layered porous graphene membranes are obtained. The method involved in this invention is simple and highly efficient, and allows direct growth of ultrathin porous graphene separation membranes, without needing expensive apparatuses, chemicals and graphene raw material. Additionally, the graphene membranes prepared with this method have controlled pore size, ultrahigh water flux and strong resistance to irreversible fouling.

A electronic method, includes receiving, by a graphene structure, a microwave signal. The electronic method further includes receiving, by the graphene structure, two optical signals. The electronic method further includes generating, by the graphene structure, an entanglement between two optical signals and the microwave signal. The electronic method includes teleporting an unknown coherent state based on the entanglement.

Disclosed herein are graphene coatings characterized by a porous, three-dimensional, spherical structure having a hollow core, along with methods for forming such graphene coatings on glasses, glass-ceramics, ceramics, and crystalline materials. Such coatings can be further coated with organic or inorganic layers and are useful in chemical and electronic applications.

Disclosed herein are graphene coatings characterized by a porous, three-dimensional, spherical structure having a hollow core, along with methods for forming such graphene coatings on glasses, glass-ceramics, ceramics, and crystalline materials. Such coatings can be further coated with organic or inorganic layers and are useful in chemical and electronic applications.

Systems and method for producing graphene on a substrate are described. Certain types of exemplar systems include lateral arrangements of a substrate gas scavenging environment and an annealing environment. Certain other types of exemplar systems include lateral arrangements of a graphene producing environment and a cooling environment, which cools the graphene produced on the substrate. Yet other types of exemplar systems include lateral arrangements of a localized annealing environment, localized graphene producing environment and a localized cooling environment inside the same enclosure.

Certain type of exemplar methods for producing graphene on a substrate include scavenging a first portion of the substrate and preferably, contemporaneously annealing a second portion of the substrate. Certain other type of exemplar methods for producing graphene include novel annealing techniques and/or implementing temperature profiles and gas flow rate profiles that vary as a function of lateral distance and/or cooling graphene after producing it.

The present embodiments relate to a method for manufacturing a two-dimensional material using a top-down method, the method includes the steps of preparing a bulk crystal, forming a metal layer on the bulk crystal, and then attaching a thermal release tape on the metal layer, exfoliating a two-dimensional material to which the metal layer and the thermal release tape have been attached from the bulk crystal, transferring the two-dimensional material to which the metal layer and the thermal release tape have been attached onto a substrate, and removing the thermal release tape and the metal layer from the substrate onto which the two-dimensional material has been transferred.