The purpose of the present invention is to provide an active material for a secondary battery electrode, the active material having excellent rate characteristics and cycle resistance. The present invention is an active material for a secondary battery electrode, the active material having an olivine-type crystal structure, while having a carbon layer on the surface, wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the carbon layer which is present on a plane that is perpendicular to the crystal b-axis to the average thickness of the carbon layer which is present on a plane that is not perpendicular to the b-axis is from 0.30 to 0.80.

The purpose of the present invention is to provide an active material for a secondary battery electrode, the active material having excellent rate characteristics and cycle resistance. The present invention is an active material for a secondary battery electrode, the active material having an olivine-type crystal structure, while having a carbon layer on the surface, wherein the ratio of the average thickness of the carbon layer which is present on a plane that is perpendicular to the crystal b-axis to the average thickness of the carbon layer which is present on a plane that is not perpendicular to the b-axis is from 0.30 to 0.80.

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of lithium battery cathode materials, and discloses a preparation method of multiple carbon-coated high-compaction lithium iron manganese phosphate, comprising the following steps: (1) synthesizing a carbon and vanadium co-doped ferromanganese phosphate precursor through a co-precipitation method, sintering, and removing crystal water to obtain an anhydrous ferromanganese phosphate precursor; (2) adding lithium phosphate, a supplemental phosphorus source, an organic carbon source, a dopant and deionized water, and performing ball milling, wet sanding, spray drying and sintering to obtain an intermediate material; and (3) adding deionized water and the organic carbon source, then performing ball milling, sanding, spray drying, sintering and air jet pulverization to obtain multiple carbon-coated high-compaction lithium iron manganese phosphate.

The present disclosure belongs to the technical field of lithium battery cathode materials, and discloses a preparation method of multiple carbon-coated high-compaction lithium iron manganese phosphate, comprising the following steps: (1) synthesizing a carbon and vanadium co-doped ferromanganese phosphate precursor through a co-precipitation method, sintering, and removing crystal water to obtain an anhydrous ferromanganese phosphate precursor; (2) adding lithium phosphate, a supplemental phosphorus source, an organic carbon source, a dopant and deionized water, and performing ball milling, wet sanding, spray drying and sintering to obtain an intermediate material; and (3) adding deionized water and the organic carbon source, then performing ball milling, sanding, spray drying, sintering and air jet pulverization to obtain multiple carbon-coated high-compaction lithium iron manganese phosphate.

The present invention relates to a method for recovering N, K, and P from liquid waste stream, preferably from a stream of urine, or from a stream comprising excreta (e.g. faeces, manure, digestate, fertilizer), or from (concentrated) wastewater, for example, municipal (e.g. sewage, septic) and/or industrial wastewater (e.g. food and feed industry, agriculture, mining, etc.); more preferably from urine, such as human or animal urine; most preferably from human urine.

The present invention relates to a method for recovering N, K, and P from liquid waste stream, preferably from a stream of urine, or from a stream comprising excreta (e.g. faeces, manure, digestate, fertilizer), or from (concentrated) wastewater, for example, municipal (e.g. sewage, septic) and/or industrial wastewater (e.g. food and feed industry, agriculture, mining, etc.); more preferably from urine, such as human or animal urine; most preferably from human urine.

This solid electrolyte is a zirconium phosphate-based solid electrolyte in which a part of phosphorous or zirconium that is contained in the solid electrolyte is substituted with an element with a variable valence.

Transition-metal doped Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions are provided herein. The Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions have a chemical formula of Li.sub.(3-δ)M5/.sub.mBA, wherein 0<δ<3m/(m+1) and δ=3m/(m+1) is the maximum value for the transition metals doping, a chemical formula of Li.sub.4-δMs.sub.δ/mPC.sub.4A, wherein 0<δ≦4m/(m+1) and δ=4m/(m+1) is the maximum value for the transition metals doping, or a combination thereof, wherein M is a transition metal, B is a divalent anion, and A is a monovalent anion. Also provided herein, are methods of making the Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions, and uses of the Li-rich anti-perovskite cathode compositions.

A positive electrode material includes a first lithium manganese iron phosphate material in an aggregate form, a second and third lithium manganese iron phosphate materials in an aggregate and/or single-crystal-like form, and a fourth and fifth lithium manganese iron phosphate materials in a single-crystal-like form. D.sub.50.sup.5<D.sub.50.sup.4<D.sub.50.sup.3<D.sub.50.sup.2<D.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.2=aD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.3=bD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.4=cD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.5=dD.sub.50.sup.1, and 5 μm≤D.sub.50.sup.1≤15 μm. 0.35≤a≤0.5, 0.2≤b≤0.27, 0.17≤c≤0.18, and 0.15≤d≤0.16. Molar ratios of manganese to iron in the first, the second, the third and the fourth lithium manganese iron phosphate materials increase sequentially, and a molar ratio of manganese to iron in the fifth lithium manganese iron phosphate material is greater than that in the third lithium manganese iron phosphate material.

A positive electrode material includes a first lithium manganese iron phosphate material in an aggregate form, a second and third lithium manganese iron phosphate materials in an aggregate and/or single-crystal-like form, and a fourth and fifth lithium manganese iron phosphate materials in a single-crystal-like form. D.sub.50.sup.5<D.sub.50.sup.4<D.sub.50.sup.3<D.sub.50.sup.2<D.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.2=aD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.3=bD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.4=cD.sub.50.sup.1, D.sub.50.sup.5=dD.sub.50.sup.1, and 5 μm≤D.sub.50.sup.1≤15 μm. 0.35≤a≤0.5, 0.2≤b≤0.27, 0.17≤c≤0.18, and 0.15≤d≤0.16. Molar ratios of manganese to iron in the first, the second, the third and the fourth lithium manganese iron phosphate materials increase sequentially, and a molar ratio of manganese to iron in the fifth lithium manganese iron phosphate material is greater than that in the third lithium manganese iron phosphate material.