A method of forming nanoparticles having superhydrophobicity includes preparing a PDMS film including a structure having a predetermined shape on a surface thereof, and generating the nanoparticles having superhydrophobicity on the surface of the PDMS film by combusting the surface of the PDMS film using a diffusion flame. Transparent nanoparticles having superhydrophobicity and oleophobicity may be generated simply and easily on the surface of the PDMS film.

The present invention provides a method of manufacturing of an electrostatic self-assembled Silicon/rGO/carbon nanofibers composite, the method including: (a) obtaining a Si@APTES solution by adding predetermined Si nanoparticles to the piranha solution, and stirring, filtering, washing and drying, and then, dispersing the dried Si nanoparticles in deionized water, by adding APTES, and then stirring; (b) obtaining a Si@N-doped GO dispersion by mixing a mixture with the addition of urea (CH4N2O) to the GO solution and the prepared Si@APTES in step (a) in an ethanol aqueous solution; (c) obtaining a Si@N-doped GO/CNF composite by adding a predetermined CNF to the prepared Si@N-doped GO dispersion in step (b) and stirring it; and (d) obtaining a thermally reduced Si@N-doped rGO/CNF composite through a heat treatment process to the prepared Si@N-doped GO/CNF composite in step (c).

The present invention provides a method of manufacturing of an electrostatic self-assembled Silicon/rGO/carbon nanofibers composite, the method including: (a) obtaining a Si@APTES solution by adding predetermined Si nanoparticles to the piranha solution, and stirring, filtering, washing and drying, and then, dispersing the dried Si nanoparticles in deionized water, by adding APTES, and then stirring; (b) obtaining a Si@N-doped GO dispersion by mixing a mixture with the addition of urea (CH4N2O) to the GO solution and the prepared Si@APTES in step (a) in an ethanol aqueous solution; (c) obtaining a Si@N-doped GO/CNF composite by adding a predetermined CNF to the prepared Si@N-doped GO dispersion in step (b) and stirring it; and (d) obtaining a thermally reduced Si@N-doped rGO/CNF composite through a heat treatment process to the prepared Si@N-doped GO/CNF composite in step (c).

Disclosed is a hydrophilic carbon nanohorn aggregate comprising a carbon nanohorn aggregate having an oxygen-containing functional group introduced at a tip of a carbon nanohorn, and a cyclodextrin which is capping the tip of the carbon nanohorn and being stabilized.

Disclosed is a hydrophilic carbon nanohorn aggregate comprising a carbon nanohorn aggregate having an oxygen-containing functional group introduced at a tip of a carbon nanohorn, and a cyclodextrin which is capping the tip of the carbon nanohorn and being stabilized.

In order to provide an apparatus for industrially producing a fibrous carbon nanohorn aggregate (CNB), the apparatus comprises: a target holding unit holding a carbon target in sheet form containing a metal catalyst such as Fe; a light source irradiating a laser beam on a surface of the carbon target; a movement unit moving one of the target held by the target holding unit and the light source relative to the other to move the irradiation position of the laser beam on the surface of the target; a production chamber configured to irradiate the carbon target with the laser beam in an atmosphere of non-oxidizing gas to produce a product including the fibrous carbon nanohorn aggregate; a collection mechanism collecting carbon vapor evaporated from the target by irradiation of the laser beam to collect nanocarbon including the fibrous carbon nanohorn aggregate; and a control unit controlling an operation of the movement unit or the light source so that the power density of the laser beam irradiated to the surface of the carbon target is substantially constant, and the irradiation position of the laser beam is moved to a region adjacent to a region previously irradiated by the laser beam, an interval being formed therebetween that is equal to or larger than the width of an altered region formed on the periphery of the region irradiated by the laser beam.

In order to provide an apparatus for industrially producing a fibrous carbon nanohorn aggregate (CNB), the apparatus comprises: a target holding unit holding a carbon target in sheet form containing a metal catalyst such as Fe; a light source irradiating a laser beam on a surface of the carbon target; a movement unit moving one of the target held by the target holding unit and the light source relative to the other to move the irradiation position of the laser beam on the surface of the target; a production chamber configured to irradiate the carbon target with the laser beam in an atmosphere of non-oxidizing gas to produce a product including the fibrous carbon nanohorn aggregate; a collection mechanism collecting carbon vapor evaporated from the target by irradiation of the laser beam to collect nanocarbon including the fibrous carbon nanohorn aggregate; and a control unit controlling an operation of the movement unit or the light source so that the power density of the laser beam irradiated to the surface of the carbon target is substantially constant, and the irradiation position of the laser beam is moved to a region adjacent to a region previously irradiated by the laser beam, an interval being formed therebetween that is equal to or larger than the width of an altered region formed on the periphery of the region irradiated by the laser beam.

A system and process for producing doped carbon nanomaterials is disclosed. A carbonate electrolyte including a doping component is provided during the electrolysis between an anode and a cathode immersed in carbonate electrolyte contained in a cell. The carbonate electrolyte is heated to a molten state. An electrical current is applied to the anode, and cathode, to the molten carbonate electrolyte disposed between the anode and cathode. A morphology element maximizes carbon nanotubes, versus graphene versus carbon nano-onion versus hollow carbon nano-sphere nanomaterial product. The resulting carbon nanomaterial growth is collected from the cathode of the cell.

A system and process for producing doped carbon nanomaterials is disclosed. A carbonate electrolyte including a doping component is provided during the electrolysis between an anode and a cathode immersed in carbonate electrolyte contained in a cell. The carbonate electrolyte is heated to a molten state. An electrical current is applied to the anode, and cathode, to the molten carbonate electrolyte disposed between the anode and cathode. A morphology element maximizes carbon nanotubes, versus graphene versus carbon nano-onion versus hollow carbon nano-sphere nanomaterial product. The resulting carbon nanomaterial growth is collected from the cathode of the cell.

Systems and methods for eliminating carbon dioxide and capturing solid carbon are disclosed. By eliminating carbon dioxide gas, e.g., from an effluent exhaust stream of a fossil fuel fired electric power production facility, the inventive concepts presented herein represent an environmentally-clean solution that permanently eliminates greenhouse gases while at the same time producing captured solid carbon products that are useful in various applications including advanced composite material synthesis (e.g., carbon fiber, 3D graphene) and energy storage (e.g., battery technology). Capture of solid carbon during the disclosed process for eliminating greenhouse gasses avoids the inefficiencies and risks associated with conventional carbon dioxide sequestration. Colocation of the disclosed reactor with a fossil fuel fired power production facility brings to bear an environmentally beneficial, and financially viable approach for permanently capturing vast amounts of solid carbon from carbon dioxide gas and other greenhouse gases that would otherwise be released into Earth's biosphere.