The present invention relates to composite particles containing silicon and carbon, wherein a domain size region of vacancies of 2 nm or less is 44% by volume or more and 70% by volume or less when volume distribution information of domain sizes obtained by fitting a small-angle X-ray scattering spectrum of the composite particles with a spherical model in a carbon-vacancy binary system is accumulated in ascending order, and a true density calculated by dry density measurement by a constant volume expansion method using helium gas is 1.80 g/cm.sup.3 or more and 2.20 g/cm.sup.3 or less.

The present invention relates to composite particles containing silicon and carbon, wherein a domain size region of vacancies of 2 nm or less is 44% by volume or more and 70% by volume or less when volume distribution information of domain sizes obtained by fitting a small-angle X-ray scattering spectrum of the composite particles with a spherical model in a carbon-vacancy binary system is accumulated in ascending order, and a true density calculated by dry density measurement by a constant volume expansion method using helium gas is 1.80 g/cm.sup.3 or more and 2.20 g/cm.sup.3 or less.

Disclosed are apparatus and method for preparing carbon black, in which the carbon black may be continuously formed and activated. In one embodiment, carbon black powders formed in a combustion reactor are converted into a slurry which in turn is refluxed to the combustion reactor in a repeated manner, thereby to allow successive activation treatments. In this way, a sufficient residence time for the activation of the carbon black may be secured.

Disclosed are apparatus and method for preparing carbon black, in which the carbon black may be continuously formed and activated. In one embodiment, carbon black powders formed in a combustion reactor are converted into a slurry which in turn is refluxed to the combustion reactor in a repeated manner, thereby to allow successive activation treatments. In this way, a sufficient residence time for the activation of the carbon black may be secured.

This present invention provides a microporous carbon nanospheres, method for synthesizing and activating thereof, the method comprising: adding and mixing well deionized water, absolute ethanol, triblock copolymer, ammonia solution, resorcinol and formaldehyde solution; separating solid and liquid of the mixture solution, then drying the separated solid substrate to have a dried solid substrate; sintering the dried solid substrate surrounding by nitrogen twice and collecting microporous carbon nanospheres after cooling down. Further sintering to activate these microporous carbon nanospheres surrounding by carbon dioxide, and collecting activated microporous carbon nanospheres after cooling down. Microporous carbon nanospheres and activated microporous carbon nanospheres synthesized by this present invention have spherical structure, small size and high the specific surface area, and the process is simplified, cost-effective and environment-friendly.

A process for forming a pure carbon product has the steps of soaking charcoal with hydrochloric acid to remove solids from the charcoal, removing the hydrochloric acid from the soaked charcoal, drying the charcoal, grinding the dried charcoal into a fine powder, mixing water with the fine powder, washing the fine powder, removing the water so as to from a charcoal slurry, and drying the charcoal slurry so as to form the pure carbon powder. The charcoal slurry has a skim on the surface thereof. The skim is removed.

A process for forming a pure carbon product has the steps of soaking charcoal with hydrochloric acid to remove solids from the charcoal, removing the hydrochloric acid from the soaked charcoal, drying the charcoal, grinding the dried charcoal into a fine powder, mixing water with the fine powder, washing the fine powder, removing the water so as to from a charcoal slurry, and drying the charcoal slurry so as to form the pure carbon powder. The charcoal slurry has a skim on the surface thereof. The skim is removed.

The present invention relates to novel sulfur-doped carbonaceous porous materials. The present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of these materials and to the use of these materials in applications such as gas adsorption, mercury and gold capture, gas storage and as catalysts or catalyst supports.

The present invention relates to novel sulfur-doped carbonaceous porous materials. The present invention also relates to processes for the preparation of these materials and to the use of these materials in applications such as gas adsorption, mercury and gold capture, gas storage and as catalysts or catalyst supports.

A nitrogen-doped porous carbon material and a preparation method and an application thereof; wherein the nitrogen-doped porous carbon material has a specific surface area of 1600-3500 m.sup.2.Math.g.sup.−1, mesopores with a pore size of 2-50 nm account for 20-40% of all pores, an average pore size is 2-20 nm, and a mass fraction of nitrogen atoms in the porous carbon material is 13.6-19.3 wt %. When being used as a supercapacitor material, the porous carbon material has a larger specific capacitance and a better capacitance retention rate. At a current density of 0.1 A.Math.g.sup.−1, the porous carbon material has a specific capacitance of about 847 F.Math.g.sup.−1. After 5000 cycles of charging and discharging, the capacitance retention rate is about 99.7%. Moreover, the porous carbon material features an excellent pore structure distribution, thus providing good CO.sub.2 adsorption performance.