Provided is a method of preparing a sparsely pillared organic-inorganic hybrid compound. The method of preparing an organic-inorganic hybrid compound includes: preparing a compound having a gibbsite structure by a method other than a hydrothermal synthesis method, using a trivalent metal cation source, an alkali imparting agent, and a first solvent (S10); and preparing an organic-inorganic hybrid compound by a method other than a hydrothermal synthesis method, using the compound of the gibbsite structure, a divalent metal cation source, dicarboxylic acid, and a second solvent (S20).

The present disclosure relates to a coated cutting tool having a substrate and a coating, wherein the coating includes at least one layer of κ-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 with a thickness of 1-20 μm deposited by chemical vapour deposition (CVD). A χ-scan from −80° to 80° over the (0 0 6) reflection of the κ-Al.sub.2O.sub.3 layer shows the strongest peak centered around 0° and the full width half maximum (FWHM) of the peak is <25°.

A particle material that has high dispersibility in a dispersion medium such as toluene having high hydrophobicity, and a slurry composition in which the particle material is used, are provided for solving the problem. A surface-modified particle material of the present invention includes: a particle material formed of an inorganic material; and a surface treatment agent formed of a silane compound having a first functional group that has any of C, N, and O atoms away over five or more atoms from Si to which an alkoxide is bound, the surface treatment agent allowing surface treatment of the particle material in such an amount that a degree of hydrophobicity becomes not less than 30%. Dispersibility is enhanced also in a dispersion medium having high hydrophobicity in a case where a functional group having a predetermined structure is introduced so as to impart predetermined or higher hydrophobicity.

A cleaning sachet for removing carbon deposit and rust on a gun element, and a cleaning method thereof, uses cleaning powder that includes aluminum oxide making up 75.000% to 99.989% by weight of the cleaning powder, zinc peroxide making up 0.010% to 9.000% by weight of the cleaning powder, and nano zinc oxide making up 0.001% to 6.000% by weight of the cleaning powder. A user can lay the cleaning sachet on a carbon-deposited and/or rusting area of the gun element before or after moistening the cleaning sachet with a lubricating oil, and then wipe the carbon-deposited and/or rusting area with the cleaning sachet after waiting a period of time. Therefore, the colloidal solution formed by mixing the lubricating oil and the cleaning powder and released out of the cleaning sachet can remove the carbon deposit and/or rust on the surface of the gun element.

A cleaning sachet for removing carbon deposit and rust on a gun element, and a cleaning method thereof, uses cleaning powder that includes aluminum oxide making up 75.000% to 99.989% by weight of the cleaning powder, zinc peroxide making up 0.010% to 9.000% by weight of the cleaning powder, and nano zinc oxide making up 0.001% to 6.000% by weight of the cleaning powder. A user can lay the cleaning sachet on a carbon-deposited and/or rusting area of the gun element before or after moistening the cleaning sachet with a lubricating oil, and then wipe the carbon-deposited and/or rusting area with the cleaning sachet after waiting a period of time. Therefore, the colloidal solution formed by mixing the lubricating oil and the cleaning powder and released out of the cleaning sachet can remove the carbon deposit and/or rust on the surface of the gun element.

Provided is a method for manufacturing a spherical particle material in which the particle size distribution is easily controlled. This method has: a granulation step of granulating a raw particle material formed of an inorganic material having a D50 of not larger than 5 μm to form a granulated body; and a spherizing step of heating and melting the granulated body to form the spherical particle material having a D50 larger than a D50 of the raw particle material. A melting method is used as a basic method for manufacturing the spherical particle material having a necessary particle size distribution. The granulated body is used to manufacture the spherical particle material having the necessary particle size distribution by the melting method.

Provided are a sodium ion-conductive crystal-containing solid electrolyte sheet capable of giving excellent battery characteristics even when reduced in thickness, and an all-solid-state battery using the same. The solid electrolyte sheet contains at least one type of sodium ion-conductive crystal selected from β″-alumina and NASICON crystal and has a thickness of 500 μm or less and a flatness of 200 μm or less.

Provided are a sodium ion-conductive crystal-containing solid electrolyte sheet capable of giving excellent battery characteristics even when reduced in thickness, and an all-solid-state battery using the same. The solid electrolyte sheet contains at least one type of sodium ion-conductive crystal selected from β″-alumina and NASICON crystal and has a thickness of 500 μm or less and a flatness of 200 μm or less.

A wavelength converter material and a method of A method of preparing a wavelength converter material may include providing an optionally oxide coated phosphor material, mixing the optionally oxide coated phosphor material with an optionally oxide coated paramagnetic nanoparticle, coating the optionally oxide coated phosphor material and the optionally oxide coated paramagnetic nanoparticle with an oxide coating, thereby preparing a coated phosphor-nanoparticle particle, and separating the coated phosphor-nanoparticle particle, thereby preparing a wavelength converter material. The separating of the coated phosphor-nanoparticle particle may be manipulated by applying a magnetic field.

Furthermore, a wavelength converter material, as well as a light emitting diode are described herein.

A wavelength converter material and a method of A method of preparing a wavelength converter material may include providing an optionally oxide coated phosphor material, mixing the optionally oxide coated phosphor material with an optionally oxide coated paramagnetic nanoparticle, coating the optionally oxide coated phosphor material and the optionally oxide coated paramagnetic nanoparticle with an oxide coating, thereby preparing a coated phosphor-nanoparticle particle, and separating the coated phosphor-nanoparticle particle, thereby preparing a wavelength converter material. The separating of the coated phosphor-nanoparticle particle may be manipulated by applying a magnetic field.

Furthermore, a wavelength converter material, as well as a light emitting diode are described herein.