The present invention relates to a process for modifying a layered double hydroxide (LDH), the process comprising, a. providing a water-wet layered double hydroxide of formula:
[M.sup.z+.sub.1-xM′.sup.y+.sub.x].sup.a+(X.sup.n−).sub.a/r.bH.sub.2O   (1) wherein M and M′ are metal cations, z=1 or 2; y=3 or 4, x is 0.1 to 1, preferably x<1, more preferably x=0.1-0.9, b is greater than 0 to 10, X is an anion, r is 1 to 3, n is the charge on the anion X and a is determined by x, y and z, preferably a=z(1-x)+xy-2; b. maintaining the layered double hydroxide water-wet, and c. contacting the water-wet layered double hydroxide with at least one solvent, the solvent being miscible with water and preferably having a solvent polarity (P′) in the range 3.8 to 9,
as well as to a layered double hydroxide prepared according to that process.

With respect to a plate-shaped hydrotalcite in which the average width of primary particles is increased, (1) the aspect ratio of secondary particles is increased by suppressing aggregation of primary particles by relatively reducing the average thickness thereof, and 2) the formation of a by-product that impairs the transparency of a resin is suppressed. Provided is a plate-shaped hydrotalcite represented by a formula (1) below:
(M.sup.2+).sub.1−x(M.sup.3+).sub.x(OH).sub.2(A.sup.n−).sub.x/n.Math.mH.sub.2O  (1) where M.sup.2+ indicates at least one divalent metal, M.sup.3+ indicates at least one trivalent metal, A.sup.n− indicates an n-valent anion, n indicates an integer of 1 to 6, and x and m are within respective ranges of 0.1≤x≤0.33 and 0≤m≤10, the formula (1) satisfying (A) to (D) below: (A) the average width of primary particles as measured using an SEM method is 1 μm or greater; (B) the average thickness of primary particles as measured using an SEM method is 80 nm or less; (C) the degree of monodispersity of width is 50% or greater; and (D) the degree of monodispersity of thickness is 50% or greater.

A system for producing particles of aluminum chlorohydrate includes a feed stream configured to have a liquid solution of aluminum chloride, a conveyor belt having a surface configured to hold the liquid solution, a first radiant heat source configured to heat the liquid solution on the surface in order to form solid aluminum chloride hexahydrate, a grinder configured to crush the solid aluminum chloride hexahydrate in order to reduce an overall particle size of the aluminum chloride hexahydrate, and a second radiant heat source configured to heat the aluminum chloride hexahydrate in order to decompose the aluminum chloride hexahydrate and produce the particles of aluminum chlorohydrate. Methods of producing particles of aluminum chlorohydrate are also disclosed.

A system for producing particles of aluminum chlorohydrate includes a feed stream configured to have a liquid solution of aluminum chloride, a conveyor belt having a surface configured to hold the liquid solution, a first radiant heat source configured to heat the liquid solution on the surface in order to form solid aluminum chloride hexahydrate, a grinder configured to crush the solid aluminum chloride hexahydrate in order to reduce an overall particle size of the aluminum chloride hexahydrate, and a second radiant heat source configured to heat the aluminum chloride hexahydrate in order to decompose the aluminum chloride hexahydrate and produce the particles of aluminum chlorohydrate. Methods of producing particles of aluminum chlorohydrate are also disclosed.

The invention relates to a solid ionic conductor for a rechargeable non-aqueous electrochemical battery cell having the stoichiometric formula K(ASXX).sub.pq SO.sub.2, where K represents a cation from the group of the alkali metals with p=1, of the alkaline-earth metals with p=2 or of the zinc group with p=2, A represents an element from the third main group, S represents sulfur, selenium or tellurium, X and X represent a halogen, and the numerical value q is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 100.

With respect to a plate-shaped hydrotalcite in which the average width of primary particles is increased, (1) the aspect ratio of secondary particles is increased by suppressing aggregation of primary particles by relatively reducing the average thickness thereof, and 2) the formation of a by-product that impairs the transparency of a resin is suppressed. Provided is a plate-shaped hydrotalcite represented by a formula (1) below:

(M.sup.2+).sub.1x(M.sup.3+).sub.x(OH).sub.2(A.sup.n).sub.x/n.mH.sub.2O(1) where M.sup.2+ indicates at least one divalent metal, M.sup.3+ indicates at least one trivalent metal, A.sup.n indicates an n-valent anion, n indicates an integer of 1 to 6, and x and m are within respective ranges of 0.1x0.33 and 0m10, the formula (1) satisfying (A) to (D) below: (A) the average width of primary particles as measured using an SEM method is 1 m or greater; (B) the average thickness of primary particles as measured using an SEM method is 80 nm or less; (C) the degree of monodispersity of width is 50% or greater; and (D) the degree of monodispersity of thickness is 50% or greater.

Activated aluminum sesquichlorohydrate (AASCH) powders prepared by (a) diluting the concentrated aluminum sesquichlorohydrate (ASCH) solution to from about 10% to about 25% by weight, (b) heating the diluted solution to obtain a Band III polymer concentration of at least about 20% and a Band IV polymer concentration of at least about 15%, (c) drying the heated solution to powders, and (d) optionally screen or light mill the powders to free flowing spherical particles are disclosed.

The invention relates to mixed alkali-aluminum phosphites of the formula (I)
Al.sub.2.00M.sub.z(HPO.sub.3).sub.y(OH).sub.vx(H.sub.2O).sub.w(I)
in which
M represents alkali metal ions,
z is 0.01 to 1.5,
y is 2.63 to 3.5,
v is 0 to 2,
w is 0 to 4;
to a process for preparation thereof and to the use thereof.

Methods are described for manufacturing ultra-low chloride, polyaluminum sulfate (PAS) coagulants useful for removing suspended colloidal matter and organic carbon in potable water, industrial process water and wastewater. A method of preparing a PAS solution includes forming a basic solution of sodium carbonate and sodium aluminate, adding an aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate and the basic solution to water to form a mixture having a pH between about 5 to 7, allowing precipitates of aluminum hydroxide to form in the mixture, and adding an additional aqueous solution of aluminum sulfate in an amount sufficient to dissolve the precipitates of the aluminum hydroxide and to form the PAS solution. The PAS solution has reduced corrosivity compared to other aluminum-based coagulants, and is particularly suitable for drinking water applications. The simplified methods used to produce the PAS coagulant provide a high quality product that is less expensive to produce than current methods.

Methods for making a sulfated polyaluminum chloride (PACS) flocculating agent solution, which may be aqueous, include neutralizing an aqueous sulfate-containing aluminum compound with an aqueous base to produce an aluminum hydroxide precipitate dispersed in a liquid, settling the aluminum hydroxide precipitate to create a supernatant liquid, removing an amount of the supernatant liquid to leave a remainder that contributes a selected concentration of sulfate to the PACS, and bringing the precipitate back into solution thereby forming the PACS flocculating agent. Also, methods for making a polyaluminum chloride (PAC) flocculating agent solution are disclosed that include neutralizing an aqueous chloride-containing aluminum compound with an aqueous base to produce an aluminum hydroxide precipitate dispersed in a liquid, settling the aluminum hydroxide precipitate to create a supernatant liquid, optionally, removing an amount of the supernatant liquid, and bringing the precipitate back into solution thereby forming the PAC flocculating agent.