A method of forming a halide perovskite nanocrystal array having a plurality of halide perovskite nanocrystals arranged in a pattern can include coating an array of pens with a first ink comprising at least one first perovskite precursor having the formula AX and at least one second perovskite precursor having the formula BX′.sub.2 dissolved in a solvent. A is a cation, B is a metal, and X and X′ are each a halogen. The method further includes contacting a substrate with the coated pen array to thereby deposit the first ink indias a pattern of printed indicia on the substrate. The printed indicia form nanoreactors on the substrate and a halide perovskite nanocrystal nucleates and grows within each nanoreactor to form the halide perovskite nanocrystal array.

A method of forming a halide perovskite nanocrystal array having a plurality of halide perovskite nanocrystals arranged in a pattern can include coating an array of pens with a first ink comprising at least one first perovskite precursor having the formula AX and at least one second perovskite precursor having the formula BX′.sub.2 dissolved in a solvent. A is a cation, B is a metal, and X and X′ are each a halogen. The method further includes contacting a substrate with the coated pen array to thereby deposit the first ink indias a pattern of printed indicia on the substrate. The printed indicia form nanoreactors on the substrate and a halide perovskite nanocrystal nucleates and grows within each nanoreactor to form the halide perovskite nanocrystal array.

Provided is a method for preparing lead iodide, which controls the crystal form of lead iodide through temperature, including: dissolving a lead compound in a first acid solution and adding an iodine compound to form a reaction solution including the first lead iodide; and heating the reaction solution to a temperature of 60° C. or more and standing at a constant temperature, to obtain the second lead iodide, wherein a peak intensity of the (003) crystal plane of the second lead iodide is greater than or equal to a peak intensity of the (110) crystal plane. Provided is also a method for preparing the perovskite film.

Provided is a method for preparing lead iodide, which controls the crystal form of lead iodide through temperature, including: dissolving a lead compound in a first acid solution and adding an iodine compound to form a reaction solution including the first lead iodide; and heating the reaction solution to a temperature of 60° C. or more and standing at a constant temperature, to obtain the second lead iodide, wherein a peak intensity of the (003) crystal plane of the second lead iodide is greater than or equal to a peak intensity of the (110) crystal plane. Provided is also a method for preparing the perovskite film.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an all solid fluoride ion battery that has a favorable capacity property. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing an all solid fluoride ion battery comprising: a cathode layer, an anode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer formed between the cathode layer and the anode layer; wherein the anode layer includes a metal fluoride containing an M1 element, an M2 element, and a F element; the M1 element is a metal element that fluorination and defluorination occur at a potential, versus Pb/PbF.sub.2, of −2.5 V or more; the M2 element is a metal element that neither fluorination nor defluorination occur at a potential, versus Pb/PbF.sub.2, of −2.5 V or more; and the M2 element is a metal element that, when in a form of a fluoride, fluoride ion conductivity is 1×10.sup.−4 S/cm or more at 200° C.

An object of the present disclosure is to provide an all solid fluoride ion battery that has a favorable capacity property. The present disclosure achieves the object by providing an all solid fluoride ion battery comprising: a cathode layer, an anode layer, and a solid electrolyte layer formed between the cathode layer and the anode layer; wherein the anode layer includes a metal fluoride containing an M1 element, an M2 element, and a F element; the M1 element is a metal element that fluorination and defluorination occur at a potential, versus Pb/PbF.sub.2, of −2.5 V or more; the M2 element is a metal element that neither fluorination nor defluorination occur at a potential, versus Pb/PbF.sub.2, of −2.5 V or more; and the M2 element is a metal element that, when in a form of a fluoride, fluoride ion conductivity is 1×10.sup.−4 S/cm or more at 200° C.

Provided are perovskite nanocrystalline particle and an optoelectronic device using the same. The perovskite nanocrystalline particle may include a perovskite nanocrystalline structure while being dispersible in an organic solvent. Accordingly, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle in accordance with the present invention has therein a perovskite nanocrystal having a crystalline structure in which FCC and BCC are combined; forms a lamellar structure in which an organic plane and an inorganic plane are alternately stacked; and can show high color purity since excitons are confined to the inorganic plane. In addition, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle have a particle size greater than or equal to a Bohr diameter beyond a quantum confinement effect, and simultaneously can implement high emission efficiency and emission wavelength which is almost not dependent on particle size. Furthermore, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle in accordance with the present invention, as a nanoparticle which is dispersible in an organic solvent, is applicable in various electronic devices such as light emitting devices, lasers, solar cells, etc.

Provided are perovskite nanocrystalline particle and an optoelectronic device using the same. The perovskite nanocrystalline particle may include a perovskite nanocrystalline structure while being dispersible in an organic solvent. Accordingly, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle in accordance with the present invention has therein a perovskite nanocrystal having a crystalline structure in which FCC and BCC are combined; forms a lamellar structure in which an organic plane and an inorganic plane are alternately stacked; and can show high color purity since excitons are confined to the inorganic plane. In addition, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle have a particle size greater than or equal to a Bohr diameter beyond a quantum confinement effect, and simultaneously can implement high emission efficiency and emission wavelength which is almost not dependent on particle size. Furthermore, the perovskite nanocrystalline particle in accordance with the present invention, as a nanoparticle which is dispersible in an organic solvent, is applicable in various electronic devices such as light emitting devices, lasers, solar cells, etc.

Provided are: a light-emitting layer for a perovskite light-emitting device; a method for manufacturing the same; and a perovskite light-emitting device using the same. The method of the present invention for manufacturing a light-emitting layer for an organic and inorganic hybrid perovskite light-emitting device comprises a step of forming a first nanoparticle thin film by coating, on a member for coating a light-emitting layer, a solution comprising organic and inorganic perovskite nanoparticles including an organic and inorganic perovskite nanocrystalline structure. Thereby, a nanoparticle light emitter has therein an organic and inorganic hybrid perovskite having a crystalline structure in which FCC and BCC are combined; forms a lamella structure in which an organic plane and an inorganic plane are alternatively stacked; and can show high color purity since excitons are confined to the inorganic plane. In addition, it is possible to improve the luminescence efficiency and luminance of a device by making perovskite as nanoparticles and then introducing the same into a light-emitting layer.

Provided are: a light-emitting layer for a perovskite light-emitting device; a method for manufacturing the same; and a perovskite light-emitting device using the same. The method of the present invention for manufacturing a light-emitting layer for an organic and inorganic hybrid perovskite light-emitting device comprises a step of forming a first nanoparticle thin film by coating, on a member for coating a light-emitting layer, a solution comprising organic and inorganic perovskite nanoparticles including an organic and inorganic perovskite nanocrystalline structure. Thereby, a nanoparticle light emitter has therein an organic and inorganic hybrid perovskite having a crystalline structure in which FCC and BCC are combined; forms a lamella structure in which an organic plane and an inorganic plane are alternatively stacked; and can show high color purity since excitons are confined to the inorganic plane. In addition, it is possible to improve the luminescence efficiency and luminance of a device by making perovskite as nanoparticles and then introducing the same into a light-emitting layer.