The present disclosure relates to the technical field of ceramic powder preparation, and discloses a zirconia/titania/cerium oxide doped rare earth tantalum/niobate RETa/NbO.sub.4 ceramic powder and a preparation method thereof. A general chemical formula of the ceramic powder is RE.sub.1-x(Ta/Nb).sub.1-x(Zr/Ce/Ti).sub.2xO.sub.4, 0<x<1, the crystal structure of the ceramic powder is orthorhombic, the lattice space group of the ceramic powder is C222.sub.1, the particle size of the ceramic powder ranges from 10 to 70 μm, and particles of the ceramic powder are spherical. During preparation, the raw materials are ball-milled before a high temperature solid phase reaction, then mixed with a solvent and an organic binder to obtain a slurry C, then centrifuged and atomized to obtain dry pellets, and finally sintered to obtain a zirconia/titanium oxide/cerium oxide doped rare earth tantalum/niobate RETa/NbO.sub.4 ceramic powder, which satisfies the requirements of APS technology for ceramic powders.

Disclosed herein are electrolytes having increased proton conduction and steam tolerance for use in solid oxide electrolysis cells (SOECs). The disclosed SOECs provide an enhanced means for obtaining hydrogen. The disclosed SOECs provide enhanced conductivity and stability and, therefore, result in higher performance when used to fabricate electrolysis cells, fuel cells, and reversible cells.

A solid electrolyte material contains Li, Y, at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Sc, La, Sm, Bi, Zr, Hf, Nb, and Ta, and at least one selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I. An X-ray diffraction pattern of the solid electrolyte material obtained by using Cu-Kα radiation as the X-ray source includes peaks within the range in which the diffraction angle 2θ is 25° or more and 35° or less, and also includes at least one peak within the range in which the diffraction angle 2θ is 43° or more and 51° or less.

A solid electrolyte material contains Li; Y; at least one selected from the group consisting of Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, Zn, Zr, Nb, and Ta; and at least one selected from the group consisting of Cl, Br, and I. An X-ray diffraction pattern of the solid electrolyte material obtained using Cu—Kα radiation as an X-ray source includes peaks in a range of diffraction angles 2θ of 30° or more and 33° or less, in a range of diffraction angles 2θ of 39° or more and 43° or less, and in a range of diffraction angles 2θ of 47° or more and 51° or less.

Disclosed herein are embodiments of doped and undoped spherical or spheroidal lithium lanthanum zirconium oxide (LLZO) powder products, and methods of production using microwave plasma processing, which can be incorporated into solid state lithium ion batteries. Advantageously, embodiments of the disclosed LLZO powder display a high quality, high purity stoichiometry, small particle size, narrow size distribution, spherical morphology, and customizable crystalline structure.

A solid ion conductor compound includes a compound represented by Formula 1:
Li.sub.6−wHf.sub.2−xM.sub.xO.sub.7−yZ.sub.y  Formula 1
where, in Formula 1, M is an element having an oxidation number of a and a is 5, 6, or a combination thereof, Z is an element having an oxidation number of −1, and 0<x<2, 0≤y≤2, and 0<w<6 and w=[(a−4)×x]+y.

A solid garnet composition includes a bulk composition having a lithium garnet; and a surface composition having a protonated garnet on at least a portion of the exterior surface of the lithium garnet, such that the protonated garnet is uniformly disposed over the at least a portion of the exterior surface of the lithium garnet. A method of making a solid garnet composition includes pre-treating an air sensitive lithium-containing garnet with water to form a uniform protonated garnet surface composition; and contacting the uniform protonated garnet surface composition with an acid to form a porous uniform protonated garnet surface composition.

A solid electrolyte includes an ion conductor represented by at least one of Formulae 1 to 3,
Li.sub.1+3xM1.sub.1−xO.sub.2  Formula 1
wherein, in Formula 1, M1 is a trivalent element, and 0<x<1,
L.sub.1−yM2O.sub.2−yX.sub.y  Formula 2
wherein, in Formula 2, M2 is a trivalent element, X is at least one of a halogen atom or a pseudohalogen, and 0<y<1,
Li.sub.1−z(a−3)M3.sub.1−zD.sub.zO.sub.2  Formula 3
wherein, in Formula 3, M3 is a trivalent element, D is at least one of a monovalent element to a hexavalent element, and 0<z<1.

A ceramic powder material containing a garnet-type compound containing Li, wherein the ceramic powder material has a pore volume of 0.4 mL/g or more and 1.0 mL/g or less.

A thin film structure including a dielectric material layer and an electronic device to which the thin film structure is applied are provided. The dielectric material layer includes a compound expressed by ABO.sub.3, wherein at least one of A and B in ABO.sub.3 is substituted and doped with another atom having a larger atom radius, and ABO.sub.3 becomes A.sub.1-xA′.sub.xB.sub.1-yB′.sub.yO.sub.3 (where x>=0, y>=0, at least one of x and y≠0, a dopant A′ has an atom radius greater than A and/or a dopant B′ has an atom radius greater than B) through substitution and doping. A dielectric material property of the dielectric material layer varies according to a type of a substituted and doped dopant and a substitution doping concentration.