A method of producing ceria nanocrystals is provided. The method includes providing a gas that includes ozone to a solution that includes a cerium salt, and obtaining ceria nanocrystals from the solution after the gas is provided to the first solution. A method of producing nanoparticles is provided. The method includes providing a gas that includes ozone to a solution that includes a metal salt that includes at least one of a transition metal or a lanthanide, and producing at least one of metal oxide nanoparticles, metal oxynitrate nanoparticles, or metal oxyhydroxide nanoparticles from the solution after the gas is provided to the solution.

The present application discloses an electrochemiluminescence immunosensor. The immunosensor includes an electrode functionalized by a nanocomposite film. The film further includes carbon nanohorns dispersed in Nafion® perfluorinated resin solution. The polymeric solution is further stabilized by magnetic nanoparticles. The immunosensor is a Point of care (POC)-based. The immunosensor is configured to work in the range from 100 ng/mL to 1 fg/mL, and has tendency to detect even traces of the tropomyosin. The immunosensor is capable to detect traces even less than 1 fg/mL, hence having high specificity for Tro-Ag detection in food products with distinguished repeatability.

A method for recovering metal values from a molten slag composition includes atomizing the slag with an oxygen-containing gas in a gas atomization apparatus, to produce solid slag granules. Oxygen in the atomizing gas converts metals to magnetic metal compounds, thereby magnetizing the metal-containing slag granules. These metal-containing slag granules are then magnetically separated. Larger amounts of metals may be removed by passing the molten slag through a pre-settling pan with an adjustable base, and/or discontinuing atomization where the metal content of the slag exceeds a predetermined amount. Solid slag granules produced by atomization may be charged to a recovery unit for recovery of one or more metal by-products. An apparatus for recovering metal values from molten slag includes a gas atomization apparatus, a flow control device for controlling the flow of atomizing gas, a control system, and one or more sensors to detect metal values in the slag.

A bismuth-substituted rare earth iron garnet single crystal suitable for Faraday rotators and optical isolators with reduced insertion loss due to suppressed valence fluctuation of Fe ions is provided. The bismuth-substituted rare earth iron garnet single crystal of the present invention is characterized by the composition formula (Gd.sub.aLn.sub.bBi.sub.cMg.sub.3−(a+b+c))(Fe.sub.dGa.sub.eTi.sub.fPt.sub.5−(d+e+f))O.sub.12. In the composition formula above, 0.02≤f≤0.05, 0.02≤{3−(a+b+c)}≤0.08, and −0.01≤{3−(a+b+c)}−{f+5−(d+e+f)}≤0.01. Ln is a rare earth element and may be selected from Eu, Dy, Gd, Ho, Tm, Yb, Lu, and Y.

Provided is a cathode for electrolysis comprising a conductive substrate and a Ru element-containing catalyst layer on the conductive substrate, wherein in the catalyst layer, the ratio of the maximum intensity of the Ru 3d 5/2 peak appearing between 281.4 eV and 282.4 eV to the maximum intensity of the Ru 3d 5/2 peak appearing between 280.0 eV and 281.0 eV, in an X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic measurement is 0.45 or more.

The present disclosure relates to a novel ruthenium oxide, a method of preparing the same, and a catalyst for selective hydrogenation of an aromatic compound or an unsaturated compound including the ruthenium oxide.

The present invention aims at: providing an accelerated reaction in a liquid-phase reaction; forming, by way of the reaction, a metal oxide nanoparticle and carbon that carries the metal oxide nanoparticle in a highly dispersed state; and providing an electrode containing the carbon and an electrochemical device using the electrode. In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, shear stress and centrifugal force are applied to the reactant in the rotating reactor so that an accelerated chemical reaction is attained in the course of the reaction. Further, the carbon carrying a metal oxide nanoparticle in a highly dispersed state comprises: a metal oxide nanoparticle produced by the accelerated chemical reaction, wherein shear stress and centrifugal force are applied to a reactant in a rotating reactor in the course of the reaction; and carbon dispersed in the rotating reactor by applying shear stress and centrifugal force. An electrochemical device produced by using the carbon carrying the metal oxide nanoparticle as an electrode has high output and high capacity characteristics.

The present invention relates to a method for preparing uniform metal oxide nanoparticles. According to the preparation method of the present invention, it is possible to maintain the temperature and pressure inside the reactor in a stable and constant manner by removing water generated in the reaction step for forming metal oxide nanoparticles. Thus, the uniformity of nanoparticles formed is increased, and the reproducibility between batches can be increased even in a repeated process and and a large-scale reaction. Therefore, the preparation method of the present invention can be used to synthesize uniform nanoparticles reproducibly in large quantities.

The present invention relates to a composition for forming a conductive pattern and a resin structure having a conductive pattern, wherein the composition makes it possible to form a fine conductive pattern on various polymer resin products or resin layers through a simple process, and can more effectively meet needs of the art, such as displaying various colors. The composition for forming a conductive pattern, comprises: a polymer resin; and a non-conductive metal compound having a predetermined chemical structure, and may be a composition for forming a conductive pattern through electromagnetic irradiation, by which a metal nucleus is formed from the non-conductive metal compound.

An apparatus for solid state energy harvesting includes a complex oxide based pyrochlores having a chemical formula of A2 B2 O7 configured to directly convert heat into electricity and operate and function at a higher temperature without oxidizing in air. The complex oxide based pyrochlores are mixed with cation at B-site.