A method is provided for the manufacture of graphene oxide from kish graphite including: A. The provision of kish graphite, B. Optionally, a pre-treatment of kish graphite, C. The intercalation of kish graphite with a persulfate salt and an acid at room temperature to obtain intercalated kish graphite, D. The expansion of the intercalated kish graphite to obtain expanded kish graphite and E. An oxidation step of the expanded kish graphite to obtain graphene oxide.

A method of preparing acicular metal-silica composite aerogel particles by adjusting an aspect ratio of the acicular shape through the adjustment of concentrations of an acidic solution, a solution including a metal salt, and a water glass solution which are reactants, and acicular metal-silica composite aerogel particles prepared thereby. The method prepares acicular metal-silica composite aerogel particles in a short period of time under mild conditions of low temperature and atmospheric pressure, the process is simple, and production costs are reduced in comparison to a conventional preparation method, and thus, productivity and economic efficiency are excellent. When the acicular metal-silica composite aerogel particles are used as an additive of a polymer resin, physical properties, such as viscosity and thixotropy, are improved.

A hybrid functionalized lamellar comprises a layered double hydroxide and [Sn.sub.2S.sub.6].sup.4− anions intercalated with the gallery of the layered double hydroxide to form a [Sn.sub.2S.sub.6].sup.4− intercalated layered double hydroxide.

A desalination battery includes a first electrode, a second electrode, an intercalation compound contained in the first electrode, a container configured to contain a saline water solution, and a power source. The intercalation compound includes at least one of a metal oxide, a metalloid oxide, a metal oxychloride, a metalloid oxychloride, and a hydrate thereof with each having a ternary or higher order. The first and second electrodes are configured to be arranged in fluid communication with the saline water solution. The power source is configured to supply electric current to the first and second electrodes in different operating states to induce a reversible intercalation reaction within the intercalation compound. The intercalation compound reversibly stores and releases target anions from the saline water solution to generate a fresh water solution in one operating state and a wastewater solution in another operating state.

The present invention relates to a nanomaterial comprising a nanoclay having a layered structure and carbon nanotubes being intercalated between layers of the layered of the nanoclay, and manufacturing method thereof.

A method of preparing acicular metal-silica composite aerogel particles by adjusting an aspect ratio of the acicular shape through the adjustment of concentrations of an acidic solution, a solution including a metal salt, and a water glass solution which are reactants, and acicular metal-silica composite aerogel particles prepared thereby. The method prepares acicular metal-silica composite aerogel particles in a short period of time under mild conditions of low temperature and atmospheric pressure, the process is simple, and production costs are reduced in comparison to a conventional preparation method, and thus, productivity and economic efficiency are excellent. When the acicular metal-silica composite aerogel particles are used as an additive of a polymer resin, physical properties, such as viscosity and thixotropy, are improved.

To provide an inorganic solid material that has a hydrogen sulfide sustained releasability at ordinary temperature in the air atmosphere and is capable of being handled safely and a method for producing the same, and a method for generating hydrogen sulfide using the material. A layered double hydroxide having HS- and/or Sk2- (wherein k represents a positive integer) intercalated among layers (sulfide ion-containing LDH) is produced, and the sulfide ion-containing LDH is hermetically housed in a packaging material to provide a package. In generating hydrogen sulfide, the packaging material of the package is opened, and the sulfide ion-containing LDH is exposed to the air atmosphere to sustainably release hydrogen sulfide.

Provided herein are high throughput continuous or semi-continuous reactors and processes for manufacturing graphenic materials, such as graphene oxide. Such processes are suitable for manufacturing graphenic materials at rates that are up to hundreds of times faster than conventional techniques, have little batch-to-batch variation, have a high degree of tunability, and have excellent performance characteristics.

The invention relates to a method for exchanging interlayer anions of a layered double hydroxide (LDH) with other anions whose affinity for the LDH is lower than the one of the starting interlayer anions, which comprises the successive steps of: (1) exchanging the starting interlayer anions of a layered double hydroxide with polyoxometalate anions in order to obtain a layered double hydroxide with polyoxometalate anions as interlayer anions, and (2) exchanging the polyoxometalate anions of the layered double hydroxide obtained in step (1) with other anions whose affinity for the LDH is lower than the one of the starting interlayer anions in order to obtain a layered double hydroxide with other anions as interlayer anions.

A nickel hydroxide includes stacked nickel hydroxide layers. Each of the nickel hydroxide layers includes Ni.sup.2+ and OH.sup.. At least one of the nickel hydroxide layers further includes a type of polyatomic anions. The polyatomic anions include a type of anions that are not SO.sub.4.sup.2 or CO.sub.3.sup.2.