A composition for treating swimming pool water comprises sodium bisulphate and aluminium sulphate. The aluminium sulphate in the composition minimizes the precipitation of sodium bisulphate at temperatures lower than about 5 degrees Celsius for a time period to maintain a concentrated form of acid to control the pH level of the water. In some embodiments, the composition includes 30 to 40% sodium bisulphate (NaHSO4) wt/wt %, 0.2% to 5% aluminium sulphate Al2(SO4)3 wt/wt %, 0.1% to 1% copper sulphate/chelating agent wt/wt %, 0.01% to 0.02% sodium hydroxide, and balance water.

A cartridge assembly for dispensing a disinfecting water is disclosed. The cartridge assembly has a cartridge for receiving water from a container and a water dispensing mechanism for receiving water from the cartridge and delivering the water to a surface. The cartridge holds an iodinated resin for eluting a quantity of iodine into the water passing through the cartridge. When the water dispensing mechanism is actuated, water is delivered from a container to the water dispensing mechanism and the water is delivered to the surface to be disinfected.

A cartridge assembly for dispensing a disinfecting water is disclosed. The cartridge assembly has a cartridge for receiving water from a container and a water dispensing mechanism for receiving water from the cartridge and delivering the water to a surface. The cartridge holds an iodinated resin for eluting a quantity of iodine into the water passing through the cartridge. When the water dispensing mechanism is actuated, water is delivered from a container to the water dispensing mechanism and the water is delivered to the surface to be disinfected.

A fluid treatment apparatus includes: a first tank portion arranged to receive a first fluid from a first fluid source; a second tank portion adapted to contain a second fluid and receive water molecules of the first fluid from the first tank portion, wherein the concentration of the second fluid is higher than that of the first fluid; a third tank portion arranged to collect the water molecules of the first fluid from the second tank portion; a first membrane positioned between the first and second tank portions and arranged to filter the water molecules of the first fluid from the first tank portion; and a second membrane positioned between the second and third tank portions and arranged to obtain the water molecules of the first fluid from the second tank portion, wherein the second membrane has a greater permeability than that of the first membrane.

A fluid treatment apparatus includes: a first tank portion arranged to receive a first fluid from a first fluid source; a second tank portion adapted to contain a second fluid and receive water molecules of the first fluid from the first tank portion, wherein the concentration of the second fluid is higher than that of the first fluid; a third tank portion arranged to collect the water molecules of the first fluid from the second tank portion; a first membrane positioned between the first and second tank portions and arranged to filter the water molecules of the first fluid from the first tank portion; and a second membrane positioned between the second and third tank portions and arranged to obtain the water molecules of the first fluid from the second tank portion, wherein the second membrane has a greater permeability than that of the first membrane.

A device to provide in-line flavor for water or other liquid stored in a container. An example device includes a body having a cylindrical shape chamber formed therein, and an opening on a first end of the body. A cartridge holder fits within the chamber of the body and retains a flavoring therein for the water or other liquid. The cartridge holder has a plurality of openings for the water or other liquid to flow through. When a user drinks from the drinking end, the water or other liquid flows from the container and through the housing and mixes with a flavoring from the cartridge holder before being drawn through to the drinking end so that the user drinks a flavored water or other liquid.

A device to provide in-line flavor for water or other liquid stored in a container. An example device includes a body having a cylindrical shape chamber formed therein, and an opening on a first end of the body. A cartridge holder fits within the chamber of the body and retains a flavoring therein for the water or other liquid. The cartridge holder has a plurality of openings for the water or other liquid to flow through. When a user drinks from the drinking end, the water or other liquid flows from the container and through the housing and mixes with a flavoring from the cartridge holder before being drawn through to the drinking end so that the user drinks a flavored water or other liquid.

Nitrification inhibitors and uses of same to prevent nitrate leaching or nitrous oxide emissions as well as increase pasture or crop production. The nitrification inhibitors and formulations including same may be used for direct or indirect application to soil or pasture.

Nitrification inhibitors and uses of same to prevent nitrate leaching or nitrous oxide emissions as well as increase pasture or crop production. The nitrification inhibitors and formulations including same may be used for direct or indirect application to soil or pasture.

A system and method for removing contaminates from greywater that uses carbon dioxide (CO.sub.2) and a system that adjusts the pH between 6 and 9. The filtration system is cost effective, quick, and easy to use, resulting in purified water.