A connecting mechanism (1) for a cartridge-type replaceable module (2) that has at least one fluid port (2a,2b) at each of opposite sides of the module (2) in a longitudinal direction of the module (2). The connecting mechanism (1) comprises two connector elements (3) spaced apart in the longitudinal direction of the module (2) and each provided with at least one fluid connector (3b) configured to releasably inter-engage with a complementary fluid port (2a,2b) of the module (2) at the respective side thereof, wherein at least one of the connector elements (3) is movable to perform a translational movement in the longitudinal direction of the module (2). The connecting mechanism (1) further comprises at least one driver element (4) arranged to engage with the module (2) and with the at least one movable connector element (3) such that a rotational or translational movement of the module (2) engaged with the driver element (4) causes the translational movement of the movable connector element (3) via the driver element (4) to establish/release the inter-engagement of the fluid connector(s) (3b) of that connector element (3) with the associated fluid port(s) (2a,2b) of the module (2).

By completely removing the gas dissolved in the water, the ultra-high-pressure collision between the water flows is realized. This ultra-high pressure collision not only breaks the hydrogen bond between water molecules, but also breaks the structure of water molecules, making water (H.sub.2O) instantly become H.sup.+, OH.sup.−, O.sup.− ionic state, or even become independent hydrogen atom (H) and oxygen atom (O) states, and then return to the normal water molecule (H.sub.2O) state in an instant. By maintaining high pressurized state (maturity), stabilize the link between above-mentioned original water molecules (H.sub.2O). Through above-mentioned process of instantaneous breaking and instantaneous recovery, every water molecule is caused to become full of activity.

The present invention relates to a method for producing purified water comprising a step (a) of passing water through a mixed bed ion exchanger comprising beads having a diameter between 0.2 and 0.7 mm and a step (b) of passing water through a fibrous ion-exchange material. The invention further relates to a module comprising the mixed bed ion exchange resin and the fibrous material and to a water treatment system for producing ultrapure water comprising the mixed bed ion exchange resin and the fibrous material.

The present invention relates to a method for producing purified water comprising a step of passing water through a mixed bed ion exchanger comprising beads having a diameter of less than 0.5 mm, as well as to a module comprising an ultrafiltration means and a mixed bed ion exchanger as defined above and a water treatment system for producing ultrapure water comprising ultrafiltration means and a mixed bed ion exchanger as defined above, wherein the ultrafiltration means is located upstream of said mixed bed ion exchanger.

The invention relates to an apparatus for providing ultrapure water, in particular ultrapure water for use in semiconductor fabrication. This apparatus comprises at least one cylindrical reactor with an inner cylindrical shell, an outer cylindrical shell and a channel-like volume between inner shell and outer shell. According to the invention said inner cylindrical shell houses at least one UV emission device, said outer cylindrical shell comprises at least one means for reflecting UV radiation, and said channel-like volume is provided for flowing water through the reactor.

A hollow fiber membrane module (100) of the present invention includes: a plurality of hollow fiber membranes (10); a binding portion (20) binding the plurality of hollow fiber membranes (10) at one end portions thereof; and a cap (30) having an internal space (30s) that communicates with each of the plurality of hollow fiber membranes (10), the cap (30) being integrated with the binding portion (20); and a housing (40) that houses the plurality of hollow fiber membranes (10) and the binding portion (20), and that has one end portion to which the cap (30) is attached. A unit (70) including the plurality of hollow fiber membranes (10), the binding portion (20), and the cap (30) is detached from the housing (40) and the unit (70) is attached to the housing (40) while integration of the binding portion (20) and the cap (30) is maintained.

A desalination apparatus 12 (liquid treatment apparatus) includes a first water treatment unit 26 (liquid treatment unit) that includes a reverse osmosis membrane and in which a treated liquid is separated into a permeate that permeates the reverse osmosis membrane and a concentrate other than the permeate, a water recovery unit 28 (liquid recovery unit) that includes a reverse osmosis membrane and in which the concentrate is separated into a recovered liquid that permeates the reverse osmosis membrane and a waste liquid other than the recovered liquid, and a pressure increasing means that increases a liquid pressure of the concentrate, such that a state capable of separating into the recovered liquid and the waste liquid in the liquid recovery unit continues, and that directly feeds the concentrate from the liquid treatment unit to the liquid recovery unit.

A water quality management method for managing the concentration of impurity ions contained in the water to be analyzed includes connecting the ion adsorption device in which the ion adsorbent and the accumulated flow rate meter are provided to the branch pipe, passing the water being analyzed from the branch pipe to the ion adsorbent for a predetermined period of time to the ion adsorption device and adsorbing ions contained in the water being analyzed an ion adsorbent sample. In the ion adsorption device, an accumulated flow rate meter is provided on the downstream side of the flow direction of the water being analyzed of the ion adsorbent.

An ultrapure water production system for producing ultrapure water with reduced boron concentration includes: a primary pure water tank that communicates with the outside air and stores primary pure water; and a subsystem that is connected to the primary pure water tank to produce ultrapure water. Unused ultrapure water of the ultrapure water that has been produced in the subsystem is circulated to the primary pure water tank. The subsystem includes: a boron removal device filled with a boron-selective resin and a non-regenerative ion exchange device arranged downstream of the boron removal device.

An ultrapure water supplying apparatus may include an activated carbon filtering device, an ion exchange resin device connected to the activated carbon filtering device, a reverse osmotic membrane device connected to the ion exchange resin device, a hollow fiber membrane device connected to the reverse osmotic membrane device, a first fluid driving part between the reverse osmotic membrane device and the hollow fiber membrane device, and a control unit configured to control the first fluid driving part. The first fluid driving part may include first, second, and third pumps, which are connected in parallel to the reverse osmotic membrane device, and a pressure sensor located between the first pump and the hollow fiber membrane device. The control unit may be configured to control each of the first, second, and third pumps, based on a signal transmitted from the pressure sensor.