Provided are electrodialysis systems for removing silica from a desalinated water stream and methods for removing silica from a desalinated water stream. For example, described are bipolar membrane electrodialysis devices for removing silica from water comprising one or more anion exchange membranes; one or more bipolar membranes; and a pair of electrodes comprising a positive electrode and a negative electrode. Also described are electrodialysis systems comprising: one or more electrodialysis devices for the removal of dissolved ions and one or more bipolar membrane electrodialysis devices, wherein a product inlet stream of the one or more bipolar membrane electrodialysis devices comprises the product outlet stream of the one or more electrodialysis devices.

A multifunctional membraneless boiled water electrolysis machine comprises a container (21) for containing raw water, and a water electrolysis apparatus. The water electrolysis apparatus is mounted outside the container (21) for containing raw water and comprises an electrolysis power supply (9), an electrolysis water tank (10) and an electrolysis electrode assembly (18) located in the electrolysis water tank. A water outlet at a bottom of the container for containing the raw water is connected with a water pump (24) through a pipeline. The water pump (24) is connected with a water inlet (15) of the electrolysis water tank (10) through the pipeline. The raw water in the container can flow into the electrolysis electrode assembly (18) from the water inlet (15) of the electrolysis water tank (10) after being heated or boiled by a heater (16). The water is electrolyzed through the gaps between the electrodes of different polarities in the electrolysis electrode assembly (18). The electrolyzed water flows from a water outlet (28) of the electrolysis water tank (10) to satisfy needs of people for the electrolyzed water of different water temperatures.

An apparatus for dehalogenating an aqueous salt solution may include a tank, an electrode pair positioned at least partially within the tank, and an aerator positioned at least partially below an anode of the electrode pair. An inlet of the tank may be configured to introduce the aqueous salt solution into the tank, and as the aqueous salt solution contacts the electrode pair that may include a voltage potential between the anode and cathode, electrolysis occurs and the halogens in the aqueous salt solution, e.g. chloride, may be oxidized at the anode. The aerator may be configured to sweep the halogens to the top of the tank.

The present invention relates to systems and methods for cleaning materials, such as flooring and upholstery. In some cases, the systems and methods use an electrolytic cell to electrolyze a solution comprising sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sodium acetate, sodium percarbonate, potassium carbonate, potassium bicarbonate, and/or any other suitable chemical to generate electrolyzed alkaline water and/or electrolyzed oxidizing water. In some cases, the cell comprises a recirculation loop that recirculates anolyte through an anode compartment of the cell. In some cases, the cell further comprises a senor and a processor, where the processor is configured to automatically change an operation of the cell, based on a reading from the sensor. In some cases, a fluid flows past a magnet before entering the cell.

In some additional cases, fluid from the cell is conditioned by being split into multiple conduits that run in proximity to each other. Additional implementations are described.

An electrolyte solution production device includes: an electrolysis unit that includes a stacked body having conductive film stacked and interposed between electrodes adjacent to each other and is configured to electrolyze a liquid; and housing having the electrolysis unit disposed in an inside of the housing. In addition, housing includes inflow port into which the liquid supplied to the electrolysis unit flows and outlet port from which an electrolyte solution produced in the electrolysis unit flows out. Conductive film has protrusion that protrudes toward the inner surface of housing and is provided to position conductive film with respect to housing. This can provide the electrolyte solution production device in which conductive film can be downsized and easily positioned with respect to housing.

A resin-wafer electrodeionization (RW-EDI) apparatus for purifying water for coffee brewing comprises a cathode; an anode; and multiple porous solid resin wafer exchange units arranged in a stack between the cathode and the anode, and an air distributor adapted and arranged to aerate the water to be purified. Each unit comprises a monovalent cation exchange membrane (CEM), an anion exchange membrane (AEM), and an ion exchange resin wafer between the CEM and the AEM, which is in contact with, and in fluid flow connection with the CEM and AEM. Each resin wafer comprises a cation exchange resin and an anion exchange resin. The units are oriented with the CEM facing the cathode and the AEM facing the anode, with space between the units defining ion concentrate chambers. Bipolar ion exchange membranes separate the anode and cathode from their nearest resin wafer exchange units.

A system for electrochemically enhanced water filtration is provided. The system includes: a chamber plug-flow electrochemical cell; a first cathode and anode pair disposed in the cell; and a second cathode and anode pair disposed in the cell. The first and the second pair are collectively operative to apply a 2D electric field in at least one of a horizontal direction and a vertical direction with respect to the chamber plug-flow electrochemical cell.

A system and associated method for producing an HOCl solution and an NaOH solution includes a generator operable for producing the HOCl and NaOH solutions utilizing electricity and a mixture of water and brine in an electrolysis cell. The generator includes a mechanical fixed flow restrictor (FFR) operable for controlling at least one of a pH of the HOCl solution and a free available chlorine (FAC) of the HOCl solution. The FFR includes an insert having a longitudinal fluid passageway. The length of the insert and the diameter of the fluid passageway are selected to control the pH of the HOCl solution and/or the FAC of the HOCl solution. The FFR is interchangeable so that the pH of the HOCl solution and/or the FAC of the HOCl solution can be precisely controlled.

An easily adaptable or do-it-yourself (DIY) installation water cleaning device on any existing spa or pool is provided herein. The cleaning device includes an electrolysis module equipped with a particular boron-doped diamond electrode on silicum substrate. The foregoing also relates to a method to clean water on spa or pools using a water cleaning device that includes particular boron-doped diamond electrode present on the elecrolysis module. The foregoing also relates to electrolyzed bathing water for use in the treatment of inflammatory diseases of the skin and for use for use in the treatment of wound healing of the skin.

Self-cleaning electrochemical cells, systems including self-cleaning electrochemical cells, and methods of operating self-cleaning electrochemical cells are disclosed. The self-cleaning electrochemical cell can include a plurality of concentric electrodes disposed in a housing, a fluid channel defined between the concentric electrodes, and an electrical connector positioned at a distal end of a concentric electrode and electrically connected to the electrode. The electrical connectors may be configured to provide a substantially even current distribution to the concentric electrode and minimize a zone of reduced velocity occurring downstream from the electrical connector. The electrical connector may be configured to cause a temperature of an electrolyte solution to increase by less than about 0.5° C. while transmitting at least 100 W of power.