A method for quickly converting organic waste into energy, including the following steps of S1, performing anaerobic fermentation on organic waste to convert macromolecular organic matter in the organic waste into soluble small molecular organic matter to obtain fermentation liquid; S2, performing solid-liquid separation on the fermentation liquid to obtain a solid-phase part and a liquid-phase part, respectively; and S3, disposing or reusing the solid-phase part as residues, and enabling the liquid-phase part to enter a flow-catalyzed fuel cell to convert organic matter in the liquid-phase part into electrical energy. The present application can quickly and efficiently convert the organic waste into electrical energy.

This disclosure relates to red mud compositions. This disclosure also relates to methods of making red mud compositions. This disclosure additionally relates to methods of using red mud compositions.

The disclosure relates to devices and systems for configurable, contaminant-specific water filtration and treatment under pressure. In particular, the disclosure relates to a contaminant-specific configurable and modular water filter and a water filtration system maintained under positive or negative pressure, comprising modular housings, each housing defining a plurality of reconfigurable compartments operable to accommodate contaminant-specific filtering units in an order configured to minimize pressure drop along the flow direction of the water.

A water treatment system comprises a source of water including one or more contaminants, an electrocoagulation cell including a housing defining a fluid flow conduit, an anode disposed within the fluid flow conduit, and a cathode disposed within the fluid flow conduit, the housing including an inlet fluidly connectable to the source of water and an outlet, a solids/liquid separation system having an inlet fluidly connectable to the outlet of the housing of the electrocoagulation cell, a solids-rich outlet, and a solids-lean outlet, and a ballast feed system configured to deliver a ballast to the solids/liquid separation system.

A composition for selectively removing a first ionic contaminant from a wastewater stream. The composition is formed into a particle. The composition includes a core formed of a non-active material relative to the first ionic contaminant, and, a shell formed from an active material relative to the first ionic contaminant, wherein the active material comprises between 10 to 50 wt % of the particle. The shell may also include a binder material that may be non-active relative to the first ionic contaminant, but active relative to a second ionic contaminant. The core may be formed from a glass-forming material so that a vitrification process may be used for the spent solid waste.

An apparatus for manufacturing hydrogen-containing water is disclosed. In one aspect, the apparatus includes a container part formed with a upper space and a lower space positioned vertically from each other around a connecting passage therein. The apparatus also includes an ion exchange membrane configured to close the connecting passage and an electrolytic part comprising a cathode disposed on the upper space and a cathode an anode disposed on the lower space. The apparatus further includes a handle part configured to couple to the container part and to provide a supply passage for water to be supplied to the lower space and a discharge passage to discharge oxygen and ozone generated from the lower space.

A water softening system includes a water feed channel through which water to be treated flows, and a crystallization unit that causes a metal ion contained in the water to be treated to precipitate. Further, the water softening system includes a separation unit that separates the water to be treated having passed through the crystallization unit into a crystal obtained through precipitation by the crystallization unit and soft water. Further, the water feed channel is configured so that at least a part thereof functions as a feed channel being a pressure application system in a substantially sealed state, and the crystallization unit and the separation unit are connected to parts corresponding to the feed channel being a pressure application system in a substantially sealed state in the water feed channel.

A wastewater treatment plant and related method comprise a treatment stage including a biological-process substage configured for growing unicellular organisms adapted to reduce contaminants in the wastewater which are dissolved, including at least one of organic matter and nitrogenous matter, by digestion thereof, and which are adapted to floc after digestion and a floc-removal substage downstream from the biological-process substage, relative to the flow of wastewater, and configured for substantially removing the unicellular organisms that have flocked. The treatment stage is configured to form majority and minority flows of treated wastewater, and the minority flow is configured to be recycled upstream of the biological-process treatment substage. The plant includes a heat transfer assembly configured for transferring heat from the majority flow of treated wastewater to the minority flow thereof to increase temperature of wastewater to be treated.

Methods and systems for treating oil sands tailings streams at an elevated pH using lime are disclosed herein. In some embodiments, the method comprises providing a tailings stream including 10-55% solids by total weight, increasing the pH of the tailings stream by combining the tailings stream with lime to produce a lime-tailings mixture having a pH of at least 11.0, and dewatering the lime-tailings mixture to produce a first stream having 10% or less solids by total weight and a second stream having 50% or more solids by total weight. The first stream can correspond to a release water stream, and the second stream can correspond to a cake. The lime slurry can include about 10% lime by total weight, and can comprise lime hydrate, quicklime, or a combination thereof. Dewatering the lime-tailings mixture can include routing the lime-tailings mixture to a centrifuge unit and/or a pressure or vacuum filtration unit.

Apparatus and systems for laundry wastewater treatment are provided. Generally, systems include one or more grinder pumps for receiving raw wastewater from laundry operations, a lint remover in fluid communication with the grinder pumps, a sediment filter in fluid communication with the lint remover, an ozone treatment chamber in fluid communication with the sediment filter, and a carbon filter. Methods can provide for continuous treatment of laundry wastewater that can be reused in laundry operations, or passed to a wastewater stream (such as sewage).