The disclosure herein relates to a TFF assembly including a baffle comprising a microporous filter within a bioreactor. The baffle may include a collection receptacle to capture a target product or waste materials within the baffle after passing through the microporous filter.

Disclosed are methods of treating wastewater using a membrane bioreactor and achieving a target phosphorus concentration for the membrane permeate stream. These methods include the steps of dosing a wastewater stream with a rare earth clarifying agent and passing the dosed wastewater stream through the membrane to obtain a membrane permeate stream with a permeate concentration that is less than the phosphorus concentration of the influent stream. This permeate concentration also can be equal to or less than a target phosphorus concentration. In the methods as disclosed herein, the rare earth clarifying agent can be chloride salts of one or more rare earth elements and in certain embodiments, the rare earth clarifying agent can be CeCl.sub.3 and LaCl.sub.3.

An apparatus has a plurality of gas transfer membranes. The apparatus floats in water with the membranes submerged in the water. To treat the water, a gas is supplied to the membranes and is transferred to a biofilm supported on the membranes or to the water. Gas is also used to supply mixing or membrane scouring bubbles to the water. The mixing or scouring bubbles can be provided by a cyclic aeration or other gas supply system, which optionally provides gas at a variable pressure to the membranes in parallel or series with an aerator. Condensates can be removed from the membranes, and exhaust gasses from the membranes can be monitored, optionally through one or more dedicated pipes.

Header-equipped air diffusion devices includes, in the header, an air storage unit, on its lower end including inlet(s) for water to be treated, and air supply part(s) and air sending part(s) on the air storage unit upper section. The air diffusion device's air sending part and horizontal tube are connected, air sent from the header being diffused by the air diffusion device, and air sending in the air storage unit is above the air supply part's air supply port. The air storage portion's partition portion, with a 50+mm height, partitions the upper portion into an air supply and an air feeding portion side. The partition portion forms a cylindrical portion and an upper plate portion and the air storage portion's trunk portion serves as part of the air supply portion, and an opening end on a lower end side of the partition portion serves as the air supply port.

Disclosed is a membrane bioreactor (MBR) system. The MBR system according to one embodiment of the present invention includes a membrane filtration tub, a filtration portion including a filter member and installed in the membrane filtration tub, a filtered water storage tank, an air tank configured to store air to be supplied to the filtration portion, a flow channel portion including a first flow channel configured to connect the filtration portion to the filtered water storage tank and a second flow channel configured to connect the filtration portion to the air tank, a valve portion including a first valve located on the first flow channel and configured to open or close the first flow channel and a second valve located on the second flow channel and configured to open or close the second flow channel, and a decompression portion.

An apparatus has a plurality of gas transfer membranes. The apparatus floats in water with the membranes submerged in the water. To treat the water, a gas is supplied to the membranes and is transferred to a biofilm supported on the membranes or to the water. Gas is also used to supply mixing or membrane scouring bubbles to the water. The mixing or scouring bubbles can be provided by a cyclic aeration or other gas supply system, which optionally provides gas at a variable pressure to the membranes in parallel or series with an aerator. Condensates can be removed from the membranes, and exhaust gasses from the membranes can be monitored, optionally through one or more dedicated pipes.

Disclosed is a method for treating wastewater containing heavy metal. First, the wastewater containing heavy metal is subjected to a homogenization treatment, such that the water quality of the wastewater containing heavy metal from different processes is homogenized. The homogenized wastewater containing heavy metal is subjected to an anaerobic-aerobic circulating treatment in a membrane bioreactor (2), in which heavy metal ions are reduced by the action of microorganisms in the anaerobic treatment process. The membrane bioreactor (2) is filled with a hollow fiber membrane (3) containing a quinone group, which serves as an electron mediator that can accelerate the enzymatic reduction of heavy metal ions during the anaerobic treatment. During the aerobic treatment, the COD and SS in the wastewater are further removed.

A water treatment control system includes an aerobic tank in which aerobic treatment is carried out, an aerobic tank aeration device that aerates to-be-treated water in the aerobic tank, a membrane filtration tank including a separation membrane that filters the to-be-treated water treated in the aerobic tank, a membrane filtration tank measurement instrument that measures the ammonia concentration of the to-be-treated water in the membrane filtration tank, as a membrane filtration tank ammonia concentration measurement value, and an aerobic tank aeration air volume calculation device that sets the aerobic tank aeration air volume of the aerobic tank aeration device on the basis of the membrane filtration tank ammonia concentration measurement value.

The invention discloses a device for producing biogas with high methane content by utilizing livestock and poultry feces, wherein the interior of a tank body of a biogas fermentation tank is divided by a baffle, so as to form a main reaction chamber and an auxiliary reaction chamber which are communicated in upper portions, so that a reactant flows into the auxiliary reaction chamber only after entering the main reaction chamber via a relatively low feeding hole and then reaching a high position of a liquid level, and extension of fermentation time is realized, meanwhile, scales formed at the top of fermentation broth flow into the auxiliary reaction chamber along with liquid, so that the interior of the main reaction chamber keeps a liquid state all the time, and sealing and reduction of quantity of anaerobic bacteria are avoided.

A method for introducing a gas into a liquid, the method including filling a gas volume enclosed below a free surface of the liquid and defined in a downward direction by an enclosed level of the liquid with the gas in sequential pulses wherein the gas simultaneously displaces the liquid top down from a gas lifting channel until the enclosed level of the liquid drops below an inlet cross section of a gas flow out channel; subsequently flowing the gas out of the gas volume downward through the gas lifting channel, a deflection portion adjoining at a bottom of the gas lifting channel, in upward direction through the inlet cross section and through the gas flow out channel adjoining the inlet cross section at a top to the free surface.