The present disclosure provides a rotary firing device, furnace and rotary firing method thereof. The rotary firing device is arranged on the roof of the furnace and includes an installation base, an adjusting arm and a tubular burner. The installation base and the adjusting arm are fixed on the roof of the furnace, the middle portion of the tubular burner is rotationally connected to the installation base, and the output end of the tubular burner is located inside the furnace. The output end of the adjusting arm is connected to the middle portion of the tubular burner.

A method of making a glass product includes the steps of: melting a batch of a plurality of glass raw materials in a melting tank to form a glass melt; heating at least one of the plurality of glass raw materials and the glass melt using at least one fuel burner by reacting hydrogen and oxygen; withdrawing the glass melt from the melting tank; obtaining a glass product, the glass product having an Fe.sup.2+ to Fe.sup.3+ ratio of less than 0.2 or less than 0.05 and having at least one of less than 80 bubbles in a size range of from 0.1 mm to 0.2 mm per 10 kg of glass and less than 2 bubbles of a size larger than 0.2 mm per 10 kg of a glass.

The invention provides methods of making man-made vitreous fibres (MMVF), comprising incorporating metallic aluminium into the mineral charge, with the benefit of reduced shrinkage of consolidated MMVF products.

The invention provides a method to form a melt for making man-made vitreous fibres, in which mineral raw material is melted in a gas-fired cyclone furnace and the mineral charge comprises a material that comprises metallic aluminium.

Methods and systems for controlling bubble size and bubble decay rate of glass foams formed during submerged combustion melting. Flowing a molten mass of foamed glass comprising molten glass and bubbles entrained therein into an apparatus downstream of a submerged combustion melter. The downstream apparatus has a floor, a roof, and a sidewall structure connecting the floor and roof. The foamed glass has glass foam of glass foam bubbles on its top surface, and the downstream apparatus defines a space for a gaseous atmosphere above and in contact with the glass foam. The downstream apparatus includes heating components to heat or maintain temperature of the foamed glass. Adjusting composition of the atmosphere above the glass foam, and/or contacting the foam with a liquid or solid composition controls bubble size of the glass foam bubbles, and/or foam decay rate.

Temperature overshoot of internal components of a counter-flow shell and tube heat heat exchange may be reduced or avoided by adjusting the degree to which a tube-side fluid partially bypasses the heat exchanger.

A method of producing glass using submerged combustion melting is disclosed. The method includes introducing a vitrifiable feed material into a glass melt contained within a submerged combustion melter. The glass melt contained in the melter has a redox ratio defined as a ratio of Fe.sup.2+ to total iron in the glass melt. The method further includes combusting a combustible gas mixture supplied to each of the submerged burners to produce combustion products, and discharging the combustion products directly into the glass melt. Still further, the method includes adjusting the redox ratio of the glass melt by controlling one or more operating conditions of the submerged combustion melter selected from (1) an oxygen-to-fuel ratio of the combustible gas mixture supplied to each of the submerged burners, (2) a residence time of the glass melt, and (3) a gas flux through the glass melt.

A for melting batch material includes a furnace equipped with a submerged burner, a system for supplying the submerged burner with fuel gas and with oxidizer, a system for supplying the furnace with raw material including fragments of mineral wool below the surface of the molten batch materials, a system for supplying the furnace with raw material including a vertical duct for receiving raw material through its upper side and for conveying this raw material downward toward the molten batch materials. The duct receives the combustion flue gases originating from the furnace and conveys them upward through the raw material in the duct. A system supports the solid raw material in the duct and is positioned above the surface of the molten batch material and retains the solid raw material in the duct and lets descending molten raw material pass through to fall into the molten batch material.

The invention relates to a method for heating flowable molten glass in a feed channel which is enclosed by lateral walls and a cover and into which a plurality of fuel lances and oxidizing agent lances that are mutually spaced in the flow direction of the molten glass open above the molten glass, fuel or an oxidizing agent being supplied through said lances and being brought into reaction with each other in the feed channel. The invention is characterized in that in order to combust the fuel with the oxidizing agent, a flame is produced in front of the opening of each fuel lance, said flame being designed such that adjacent or opposite flames do not contact one another.

Processes and systems for producing glass fibers having regions devoid of glass using submerged combustion melters, including feeding a vitrifiable feed material into a feed inlet of a melting zone of a melter vessel, and heating the vitrifiable material with at least one burner directing combustion products of an oxidant and a first fuel into the melting zone under a level of the molten material in the zone. One or more of the burners is configured to impart heat and turbulence to the molten material, producing a turbulent molten material comprising a plurality of bubbles suspended in the molten material, the bubbles comprising at least some of the combustion products, and optionally other gas species introduced by the burners. The molten material and bubbles are drawn through a bushing fluidly connected to a forehearth to produce a glass fiber comprising a plurality of interior regions substantially devoid of glass.