To provide a crystallized glass substrate including a surface with a compressive stress layer, where a stress depth DOL.sub.zero of the compressive stress layer, at which the compressive stress is 0 MPa, is 45 to 200 μm, a compressive stress CS on an outermost surface of the compressive stress layer is 400 to 1400 MPa, and a central stress CT determined by using curve analysis is 55 to 300 MPa.

Architectural structures including an inorganic material carrier including cement and particles or fibers of a glass including a plurality of Cu.sup.1+ ions. In aspects, the glass may have a glass phase and a cuprite phase. In aspects, the glasses may include a plurality of Cu.sup.1+ ions, a degradable phase including B.sub.2O.sub.3, P.sub.2O.sub.5 and K.sub.2O and a durable phase including SiO.sub.2. In other aspects, the glass can have a plurality of Cu.sup.1+ ions disposed on the surface of the glass and in the glass network and/or the glass matrix. The glasses and articles disclosed herein can exhibit a 2 log reduction or greater in a concentration of at least one of Staphylococcus aureus, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacteria, Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus, and E. coli, under the EPA Test Method for Efficacy of Copper Alloy as a Sanitizer testing condition and under Modified JIS Z 2801 for Bacteria testing conditions.

Provided in the present invention is a rare earth-doped reinforced glass-ceramic, and a preparation method and a use therefor. Raw materials rare earth-doped reinforced glass-ceramic comprise at least one of the following rare earth oxides: Ta.sub.2O.sub.5, La.sub.2O.sub.3, Y.sub.2O.sub.3, Tm.sub.2O.sub.3, or Nb.sub.2O.sub.5. In the present invention, a glass article doped with at least one rare earth oxide from among Ta.sub.2O.sub.5, La.sub.2O.sub.3, Y.sub.2O.sub.3, Tm.sub.2O.sub.3, or Nb.sub.2O.sub.5 is subjected to thermal treatment and ion exchange to produce the rare-earth doped reinforced glass-ceramic. In the rare earth-doped reinforced glass-ceramic, due to the high field strength and high accumulation effects of the rear earth element, the crystal size of the glass-ceramic is caused to low, and the crystal ratio thereof to be high, thus being able to effectively improve the mechanical performance and visible light transmittance of the glass-ceramic, and effectively controlling uniform devitrification of the glass. The invention is suitable for use in cover panels of electronic devices.

The present invention relates to a glass ceramic for veneering a dental frame structure, wherein said glass ceramic is characterized by a high content of B.sub.2O.sub.3, to a process for the preparation thereof, and to the use thereof in the production of dental restorations.

To provide a crystallized glass substrate including a surface with a compressive stress layer, in which a stress depth DOL.sub.zero of the compressive stress layer, at which the compressive stress is 0 MPa, is 45 to 200 μm, a compressive stress CS on an outermost surface of the compressive stress layer is 400 to 1400 MPa, and CS×DOL.sub.zero, which is a product of the compressive stress CS on the outermost surface and the stress depth DOL.sub.zero (μm), is 4.8×10.sup.4 or more.

Coated glass or glass ceramic substrates having high temperature resistance, high strength, and a low coefficient of thermal expansion. The coating includes pores, is fluid-tight and suitable for coating a temperature-resistant, high-strength glass or glass ceramic substrate with a low coefficient of thermal expansion, and to a method for producing such a coated substrate.

Disclosed in the present invention is a multi-crystal nucleus transparent glass-ceramic and a preparation method therefor, said preparation method comprising the following steps: during glass production, adding a plurality of types of nucleation agents, and after processing, acquiring a mother glass having certain outer dimensions; and placing the mother glass obtained in S2 under a temperature of T1 and heating for 1 h-6 h to perform annealing treatment, after the annealing treatment is complete, placing under a temperature of T2 and heating 1 h-6 h to perform nucleation treatment, and after nucleation treatment is complete, placing under a temperature of T3 and heating 0-3 h to perform crystallization treatment. T1<T2. The present invention produces a glass-ceramic containing multiple types of crystal nuclei and having crystal phases of lithium disilicate and petalite. The multiple crystal nuclei reduces the nucleation and crystallization energies required for devitrification, thus being able to reduce thermal treatment temperature and time, and adjust the ratio of crystals. The glass-ceramic prepared by means of the present preparation method features an increased damage resistance, good fracture toughness, and a broad application range.

The invention discloses a method for synergistically preparing ferrosilicon alloy and glass-ceramics from photovoltaic waste slag and non-ferrous metal smelting iron slag, and belongs to the technical field of collaborative resource utilization of various smelting slag areas. According to the method, the zinc rotary kiln slag and a reduction tempering agent are subjected to batching, mixing and high-temperature melting to form a reduction-state iron-containing material. The iron-containing material and the silicon slag are further subjected to mixed melting, water quenching and sorting to obtain the ferrosilicon alloy and residual waste slag. The residual waste slag is subjected to tempering, melting, molding, annealing and heat treatment to obtain the glass ceramics. According to the method, the ferrosilicon alloy and the glass ceramics are prepared from the silicon slag and the zinc rotary kiln slag, and a collaborative resource utilization target of the regional smelting slag is achieved. The ferrosilicon alloy is obtained through high-temperature reduction of the zinc rotary kiln slag and chemical combination of the zinc rotary kiln slag and the silicon-rich silicon slag. Because the high-temperature decomposition of silica is not involved, the process greatly reduces the energy consumption, saves the cost and is suitable for industrial popularization and application.

An article includes a glass ceramic that has an amorphous silicate glass phase and a crystalline phase including a species of MxWO3 with 0<x<1 and M an intercalated dopant cation. The article further includes an aperture configured to be formed via local heating of a portion of the glass ceramic to a temperature that is above the softening point of the glass ceramic. The aperture comprises constituents of the silicate glass phase and the crystalline phase but is substantially free of the species of MxWO3. A ratio of a transmittance of the aperture to a transmittance of the glass ceramic not subject to the local heating is at least 6,000 with transmittance measured in %/mm at wavelengths from 500 nm to 1100 nm.

Ion-exchanged glass ceramic articles described herein have a stress that decreases with increasing distance according to a substantially linear function from a depth of about 0.07t to a depth of about 0.26t from the outer surface of the ion-exchanged glass ceramic article from a compressive stress to a tensile stress. The stress transitions from the compressive stress to the tensile stress at a depth of from about 0.18t to about 0.25t from the outer surface of the ion-exchanged glass ceramic article. An absolute value of a maximum compressive stress at the outer surface of the ion-exchanged glass article is from 1.8 to 2.2 times an absolute value of a maximum central tension (CT) of the ion-exchanged glass article, and the glass ceramic article has a fracture toughness of 1 MPa√m or more as measured according to the double cantilever beam method.