To suppress deterioration in a wiping property of wipers and increase in a load on the wipers. In glass for vehicles (1) including a light blocking region, a far-infrared ray transmission region is formed in the light blocking region, the far-infrared ray transmission region being provided with an opening (19) and a far-infrared ray transmission member (20) disposed in the opening (19), and the glass for vehicles (1) and the far-infrared ray transmission member (20) are bonded to each other with a frame member (30) interposed therebetween. Regarding the frame member (30), where a length of the longest straight line among straight lines each connecting optional two points on an inner circumference on a side facing the opening (19) in a surface on a vehicle exterior side is D, and a thickness of a portion projecting from a surface on the vehicle exterior side of the glass for vehicles (1) is t, D.sup.2/t is larger than 1250, and t is equal to or smaller than 2.5 mm.

A coated glass substrate and a method of making the glass substrate is disclosed. The method comprises the following: providing a coating formulation on a glass substrate wherein the coating formulation comprises at least one polymerizable compound, a glass frit, and a non-crosslinked polymer and heating the coating formulation on the glass substrate. The coated glass substrate includes a coating provided on a surface of a glass substrate wherein the coating comprises a semi-interpenetrating polymer network including a non-crosslinked polymer and a glass frit. The coating exhibits a stud pull of about 275 psi or more.

Provided are gold-coated flat silver particles, a dispersion including the gold-coated flat silver particles and a dispersion medium, a method of the dispersion, a coating film including the gold-coated flat silver particles, and an antireflection optical member. The gold-coated flat silver particles include flat silver particles and a gold coating layer, in which an average thickness of the gold coating layer on principal planes of the particles is 0.1 nm to 2 nm, and a ratio of the average thickness of the gold coating layer on the principal planes of the particles to an average thickness of the gold coating layer on edge surfaces of the particles is 0.02 or higher.

A glazing includes a first glass sheet, a resistive coating extending across a part of the first glass sheet, first and second busbars connected to the resistive coating, a data transmission window in the resistive coating, comprising a plurality of deletion lines in the resistive coating, a plurality of channels, formed by the plurality of deletion lines, and at least one conductive element positioned in at least one of the channels. The conductive element is separated from the first and second busbars by the resistive coating.

An article that includes: a substrate having a glass, glass-ceramic or a ceramic composition and comprising a primary surface; and a protective film disposed on the primary surface. The protective film comprises a thickness of greater than 1.5 microns and a maximum hardness of greater than 15 GPa at a depth of 500 nanometers, as measured on the film disposed on the substrate. Further, the protective film comprises a metal oxynitride that is graded such that an oxygen concentration in the film varies by 1.3 or more atomic %. In addition, the substrate comprises an elastic modulus less than an elastic modulus of the film.

A heat-resistant composition including: a binder resin including at least two of a silicone-modified polyester resin, a siloxane compound, or a silanol compound; a pigment including at least two of iron cobalt chromite black spinel (ICCB), copper chromite black spinel (CCB), iron chromite manganese (ICM), or carbon black; and a catalyst.

A glazing includes a glass substrate on which is deposited a coating including at least one layer, the layer being formed from a material including metal nanoparticles dispersed in an inorganic matrix of an oxide, in which the metal nanoparticles are made of a metal chosen from the group formed by silver, gold, platinum, copper and nickel or of an alloy formed from at least two of these metals, in which the matrix including an oxide of at least one element chosen from the group of titanium, silicon and zirconium and in which the atomic ratio M/Me in the material is less than 1.5, M representing all atoms of the elements of the group of titanium, silicon and zirconium present in the layer and Me representing all of the atoms of the metals of the group formed by silver, gold, platinum, copper and nickel present in the layer.

An aqueous composition including: a) at least one epoxy silane containing at least one epoxy group and at least one hydrolysable group bound to Si, b) at least one non-ionic wetting agent and either c1) between 0.2 and 2 wt. % of at least one mercapto silane containing at least one mercapto group and at least one hydrolysable group bound to Si, and as many water-soluble acids as required for the pH of resulting composition to be between 1 and 6, on the condition that epoxy silane content amounts to between 0.2 and 1 wt. %, or c2) between 0.1 and 1 wt. % of a water-soluble organotitanate, in relation to entire weight of aqueous composition, and as many water-soluble bases as required for the pH of resulting composition to be between 8 and 14, on the condition that the epoxy silane content amounts to between 0.2 and 0.5 wt. %.

A robust coated core comprising a composite with a fused or sintered coating

Provided are a method for easily and quickly producing a patterned thin film having a high refractive index and a high transparency, and a highly refractive thin film produced by the method. The method comprises a first step: a step of forming, on a substrate, a coating using a sol containing a metal oxide modified with a phosphorus compound represented by the following formula (1): ##STR00001##
(wherein R.sup.1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkynyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group, an aliphatic heterocyclic group, or an aromatic heterocyclic group; R.sup.2 is a divalent organic residue; and n is 1 or 2); a second step: a step of curing the coating on the substrate obtained in the first step by light irradiation; and a third step: a step of further adding energy to the cured film obtained in the second step by heating and/or light irradiation.