Disclosed are transparent conductors comprising a substrate, and a conductive layer formed on the substrate, wherein the conductive layer comprises a first conductive medium comprising a plurality of metal nanowires, and a second conductive medium comprising a plurality of conductive nanoparticles, and methods for forming the same.

The object of present invention is to provide a transparent film which further improves a slip characteristic of waterdrop. The present invention is a transparent film having a polysiloxane backbone, the transparent film having a structure (a) in which a fluorine-containing group having a perfluoroalkyl group or a perfluoropolyether group on the free end side thereof is bonded to a silicon atom of the polysiloxane backbone, and the transparent film having a slip rate of 0.2 mm/s or more for a 120 μl waterdrop on an 8° incline. In preferred embodiment, the fluorine-containing groups are bonded to some silicon atoms of the polysiloxane backbone in structure (a), and the transparent film has a structure (b) in which carbon fluoride-containing groups or hydrolysable silane oligomer residue are bonded to some of the remaining silicon atoms of the polysiloxane backbone.

Provided are an antireflection film having a high antireflection effect in a broad band, including, on a substrate, in this order: a particle layer containing particles; and a layer having a textured structure containing aluminum oxide as a main component, in which the particle layer has an aluminum oxide textured structure between the particles, and an optical member and an optical apparatus each using the antireflection film.

A light guide plate that includes a glass substrate including an edge surface and at least two major surfaces defining a thickness and an edge surface configured to receive light from a light source and the glass substrate configured to distribute the light from the light source; and an organosilicate film disposed on one of the at least two major surfaces. Display products and methods of processing a glass substrate for use as a light guide plate are also provided.

A transparent glass or ceramic or glass-ceramic substrate, coated with a functional layer or with a stack of at least two functional layers, the functional layer or at least one of the functional layers of the stack being porous and made of an inorganic material M1, wherein the or at least one of the porous functional layer(s) of inorganic material M1 has, at the surface of at least one portion of the pores thereof, at least one inorganic material M2 different from M1.

With an aim to provide a method for producing an oxide particle with controlled color characteristics and also provide an oxide particle with controlled color characteristics, the present invention provides a method for producing an oxide particle, wherein the color characteristics of the oxide particle are controlled by controlling a ratio of an M-OH bond between an element (M) and a hydroxide group (OH) or an M-OH bond/M-O bond ratio, where the element (M) is one element or plural different elements other than oxygen or hydrogen included in the oxide particle selected from metal oxide particles and semi-metal oxide particles. According to the present invention, by controlling the M-OH bond or the M-OH bond/M-O bond ratio of the metal oxide particle or the semi-metal oxide particle, the oxide particle with controlled color characteristics of any of reflectance, transmittance, molar absorption coefficient, hue, and saturation can be provided.

Various embodiments provide an article including a substrate and a coating thereon including a functionalized fluorine containing compound crosslinked with a multifunctional siloxane resin. A method of forming the article includes applying a multifunctional siloxane resin to a substrate, applying a functionalized fluorine containing compound to the substrate, and annealing the multifunctional siloxane resin and the functionalized fluorine containing compound.

A method for preparation of a self-cleaning coating solution is provided. The method comprises mixing an aluminium compound with a solution of an ethanol compound to form a solution. Further, the formed solution is subjected to a first magnetic stirring. After the first magnetic stirring a first transparent solution is formed. Further, a stabilizing agent is added to the first transparent solution of the aluminium compound and the ethanol compound. Subsequent to adding the stabilizing agent a translucent solution is formed. Finally, the formed translucent solution is subjected to a second magnetic stirring for forming a homogeneous second transparent solution. The formed second transparent solution is a coating solution

Provided are an adhesion promoting layer, a method for depositing a conductive layer on an inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid substrate and a conductive structure. The adhesion promoting layer is suitable for depositing a conductive layer on an inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid substrate, which includes a metal oxide layer and an interface layer. The metal oxide layer is disposed on the inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid substrate. The interface layer is disposed between the metal oxide layer and the inorganic or organic-inorganic hybrid substrate. The metal oxide layer includes metal oxide and a chelating agent. The interface layer includes the metal oxide, the chelating agent and metal-nonmetal-oxide composite material.

To provide a novel fluorine-containing compound that does not include any long chain perfluoroalkyl unit having 8 or more carbon atoms, which is problematic in terms of the environment, and that is excellent in water repellency/oil repellency, and a surface modifier using the compound. [Solution] There are used a fluorine-containing compound represented by the following general formula (1), the following general formula (2) or the following general formula (5): Rf.sup.1—(CR.sup.1═CR.sup.2—X—Rf.sup.2).sub.n—Y—Z (1), Rf.sup.1—(X—CR.sup.1═CR.sup.2—Rf.sup.2).sub.n—Y—Z (2) or Rf.sup.3—(CF═CR.sup.3—CR.sup.4═CF—Rf.sup.4).sub.n—Y—Z (5); and a surface modifier using the compound.