Methods and systems for providing de-icing and/or de-fogging of an optical element include providing a resistive layer on an optically transparent material. In one embodiment, an optical system includes an optical device having a moldable optical material having a first surface, a resistive transparent material deposited in a layer on the first surface, and a conductive pad in electrical contact with the resistive transparent material. A method can include providing a moldable optical material having a first surface, a resistive transparent material deposited in a layer on the first surface, and a conductive pad in electrical contact with the resistive transparent material, and providing electrical energy to the conductive pad to heat the resistive transparent material.

A wavelength-converting element includes a substrate and a wavelength-converting layer. The wavelength-converting layer is disposed on the substrate. The wavelength-converting layer includes a first inorganic binder and a wavelength-converting material. The wavelength-converting material is mixed with the first inorganic binder. The first inorganic binder includes a first alcohol-soluble inorganic binder or a first water-soluble inorganic binder. A projection apparatus using the wavelength-converting element and a manufacturing method of the wavelength-converting element are also provided.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a photochromic oxy-hydride material as well as a photochromic component. The method comprising the steps of: —first the formation on a substrate of a layer of an essentially oxygen free rare earth metal hydride with a predetermined thickness using a physical vapor deposition process; and—second exposing the metal hydride layer to oxygen where the oxygen reacts with the metal hydride, said second step being performed in an environment having a water content defined by a water amount in air at sea level pressure with RH between >0% and 100% RH for temperatures between 0° C. and 40° C., preferably 25° Celsius.

The present invention provides a laminate that can eliminate adsorption defects of a substrate caused by warping of the substrate and enables electronic devices to be manufactured at high yield. The present invention pertains to a laminate that is provided with a support base material, an adhesion layer, and a substrate in said order. The substrate is provided with a dielectric multilayer film in which dielectric layers having different refractive indexes are alternately laminated on an outer surface of the substrate. The substrate provided with the dielectric multilayer film is disposed on the adhesion layer such that the dielectric multilayer film adheres in a peelable manner to the adhesion layer.

A surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate and its method of formation is disclosed. The surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) substrate comprises a solid support, a first noble metal nanoparticles is disposed on the solid support, a porous oxide layer comprising transition metal oxide nanoparticles is disposed on the first noble metal nanoparticles and a second noble metal nanoparticles is disposed on the porous oxide layer. The porous oxide layer prevents contact between the first noble metal nanoparticles and the second noble metal nanoparticles and has a mean pore size of 2 to 30 nm.

A method of bonding transparent substrates is provided, comprising: preparing a pair of transparent substrates; forming a thin film of aluminum oxide by a sputtering method, on a bonding surface of the transparent substrates; contacting the aluminum oxide thin films in the air to bond the pair of transparent substrates; and heating the bonded pair of transparent substrates.

The present invention provides a metal-carbon composite of a core-shell structure and a method of synthesizing the same. The method includes preparing a first polymer-covered glass substrate with a nano-thickness metal film deposited thereon; immersing the first polymer-covered glass substrate with the metal film to delaminate one or more 2D freestanding organic-metal nanosheets from the first polymer-covered glass substrate; transferring the one or more 2D freestanding organic-metal nanosheets onto a second target substrate; and annealing the one or more 2D freestanding organic-metal nanosheets to decompose an organic portion of the organic-metal nanosheet into an amorphous carbon-containing shell forming a metal-carbon nanocomposite of a core-shell structure.

The present disclosure concerns copper coatings on glass with a thickness of about 8 to 10 nm to maintain high levels of transparency. In some aspects, the coatings are of copper, copper (I) oxide, and/or copper (II) oxide. In some aspects, the copper coatings as set forth herein provide an antiviral and/or antimicrobial surface for safer touch-screen devices.

Provided is an antireflective member that has a water- and oil-repellent layer on a multi-layered antireflective layer and is capable of exhibiting excellent surface lubricity, water- and oil-repellent properties, and durability. The surface of the multi-layered antireflective layer on a base material has a root-mean-square surface roughness of 0.8 nm to 2.0 nm. The water- and oil-repellent layer has a thickness of 1 to 30 nm and is a cured product of water- and oil-repellents having as principal components a fluorooxyalkylene group-containing polymer modified organosilicon compound with the numerical average molecular weight of 4,500 to 10,000 of a fluoropolymer part and/or partial hydrolysis condensate thereof.

A method for preparing an optically transparent, superomniphobic coating on a substrate, such as an optical substrate, is disclosed. The method includes providing a glass layer disposed on a substrate, the glass layer having a first side adjacent the substrate and an opposed second side, the glass layer comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide in a first glass phase and 10-40 wt. % boron oxide in a second glass phase, such that a glass layer has a composition in a spinodal decomposition region. The method further includes heating the second side of the glass layer to form a phase-separated portion of the layer, the phase-separated portion comprising an interpenetrating network of silicon oxide domains and boron oxide domains, and removing at least a portion of the boron oxide domains from the phase-separated portion to provide a graded layer disposed on the substrate. The graded layer has a first side disposed adjacent the substrate, the first side comprising 45-85 wt. % silicon oxide and 10-40 wt. % boron oxide, and opposite the first side, a porous second side comprising at least 45 wt. % silicon oxide and no more than 5 wt. % boron oxide.