The disclosure relates to tiles or slabs comprising a fired ceramic material which has a chemical composition with a particular combination of oxides; to a method for the manufacture of said tiles or slabs; and to the use thereof for construction or decoration applications.

To provide a crystallized glass substrate including a surface with a compressive stress layer, where a stress depth DOL.sub.zero of the compressive stress layer, at which the compressive stress is 0 MPa, is 45 to 200 μm, a compressive stress CS on an outermost surface of the compressive stress layer is 400 to 1400 MPa, and a central stress CT determined by using curve analysis is 55 to 300 MPa.

The present invention relates to a method capable of easily manufacturing a curved thin glass sheet and a curved joined glass sheet to which functionality is added.

Provided is a glass fiber having a low spinning temperature and a low liquidus temperature, and besides, having a large difference between the liquidus temperature and the spinning temperature, and a method of manufacturing the same. The glass fiber of the present invention includes as a glass composition, in terms of mass % on an oxide basis, 50% to 65% of SiO.sub.2, 0% to 3% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 0% to 1% of MgO, 0% to less than 0.7% of CaO, 0% to 1% of Li.sub.2O, 10% to 20% of Na.sub.2O, 0% to 2% of K.sub.2O, 6% to 10% of TiO.sub.2, and 15% to 20% of ZrO.sub.2, and has a value for (Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O)/(MgO+CaO) of 6.0 or more.

Provided is a glass fiber having a low spinning temperature and a low liquidus temperature, and besides, having a large difference between the liquidus temperature and the spinning temperature, and a method of manufacturing the same. The glass fiber of the present invention includes as a glass composition, in terms of mass % on an oxide basis, 50% to 65% of SiO.sub.2, 0% to 3% of Al.sub.2O.sub.3, 0% to 1% of MgO, 0% to less than 0.7% of CaO, 0% to 1% of Li.sub.2O, 10% to 20% of Na.sub.2O, 0% to 2% of K.sub.2O, 6% to 10% of TiO.sub.2, and 15% to 20% of ZrO.sub.2, and has a value for (Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O)/(MgO+CaO) of 6.0 or more.

A glass substrate with modified surface regions is disclosed. The glass substrate includes a first side and an opposite second side, an alkali-containing bulk disposed between the first and second sides, and a first alkali-depleted region formed in the alkali-containing bulk on the first side. The first alkali-depleted region defines at least a portion of a first topographical feature. The first topographic feature includes a height that extends in a first direction from a base portion of the first topographical feature to an outermost portion of the first topographical feature. The first direction is oriented parallel to a thickness of the glass substrate between the first and second sides. The first topographic feature also includes a width that extends in a second direction between at least two, spaced apart wall portions of the first topographical feature. The second direction is oriented normal to the first direction.

An article comprises a glass substrate. The glass substrate has a first surface having a plurality of vias therein, and a second surface parallel to the first surface. At least one of the first surface and the second surface is an etched surface having a surface roughness (Ra) of 0.75 nm or less. The glass substrate comprises, in mol percent on an oxide basis: 65 mol %≤SiO.sub.2≤75 mol %; 7 mol %≤Al.sub.2O.sub.3≤15 mol %; 26.25 mol %≤RO+Al.sub.2O.sub.3−B.sub.2O.sub.3; 0 mol %≤R.sub.2O≤2 mol %. RO=MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+ZnO. R.sub.2O=Li.sub.2O+Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O+Rb.sub.2O+Cs.sub.2O.

An article comprises a glass substrate. The glass substrate has a first surface having a plurality of vias therein, and a second surface parallel to the first surface. At least one of the first surface and the second surface is an etched surface having a surface roughness (Ra) of 0.75 nm or less. The glass substrate comprises, in mol percent on an oxide basis: 65 mol %≤SiO.sub.2≤75 mol %; 7 mol %≤Al.sub.2O.sub.3≤15 mol %; 26.25 mol %≤RO+Al.sub.2O.sub.3−B.sub.2O.sub.3; 0 mol %≤R.sub.2O≤2 mol %. RO=MgO+CaO+SrO+BaO+ZnO. R.sub.2O=Li.sub.2O+Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O+Rb.sub.2O+Cs.sub.2O.

According to one embodiment, a method for thermally treating glass articles may include holding a glass article at a treatment temperature equal to an annealing temperature of the glass article =15° C. for a holding time greater than or equal to 5 minutes. Thereafter, the glass article may be cooled from the treatment temperature through a strain point of the glass article at a first cooling rate CR1 less than 0° C./min and greater than −20° C./min such that a density of the glass article is greater than or equal to 0.003 g/cc after cooling. The glass article is subsequently cooled from below the strain point at a second cooling rate CR.sub.2, wherein |CR.sub.2|>|CR.sub.1|.

According to one embodiment, a method for thermally treating glass articles may include holding a glass article at a treatment temperature equal to an annealing temperature of the glass article =15° C. for a holding time greater than or equal to 5 minutes. Thereafter, the glass article may be cooled from the treatment temperature through a strain point of the glass article at a first cooling rate CR1 less than 0° C./min and greater than −20° C./min such that a density of the glass article is greater than or equal to 0.003 g/cc after cooling. The glass article is subsequently cooled from below the strain point at a second cooling rate CR.sub.2, wherein |CR.sub.2|>|CR.sub.1|.