Glass-based articles that include a hydrogen-containing layer extending from the surface of the article to a depth of layer. The hydrogen-containing layer includes a hydrogen concentration that decreases from a maximum hydrogen concentration to the depth of layer. The glass-based articles exhibit a high Vickers indentation cracking threshold. Glass compositions that are selected to promote the formation of the hydrogen-containing layer and methods of forming the glass-based article are also provided.

Glass-based articles that include a hydrogen-containing layer extending from the surface of the article to a depth of layer. The hydrogen-containing layer includes a hydrogen concentration that decreases from a maximum hydrogen concentration to the depth of layer. The glass-based articles exhibit a high Vickers indentation cracking threshold. Glass compositions that are selected to promote the formation of the hydrogen-containing layer and methods of forming the glass-based article are also provided.

To provide a glass plate for a window material and a window comprising the glass plate, which are less likely to be a barrier to radio transmitting/receiving in use of a radio-utilizing apparatus, and a radio communication apparatus comprising the glass plate.

A glass plate having a radio transmittance of at least 20% at a frequency of 100 GHz as calculated as 18 mm thickness, a window comprising the glass plate, and a radio communication apparatus comprising the glass plate.

The present invention relates to a silver coated glass frit used in a paste composition for forming a solar cell electrode, a method for preparing the same, and a silver paste composition using a silver coated glass frit for a solar cell. More specifically, the present invention relates to: a method for preparing a silver-coated glass frit wherein a silver coated glass frit, in which silver (Ag) is coated on a surface of the glass frit, is prepared through a reduction reaction occurring by adding, to a first solution containing silver nitrate (AgNO3) mixed with a glass frit and an amine, a second solution containing a reductant, and during the preparation process, a silver (Ag) coating layer is more uniformly formed on the surface of the glass frit by controlling the acidity of the first solution and the reaction temperature in the reduction reaction, thereby achieving an improved specific surface area; a silver-coated glass frit prepared by the method; and a silver paste composition for a solar cell wherein the composition is prepared by using the sliver-coated glass frit, and thus has significantly improved sintering characteristics and electrical conductivity.

Provided is a dental bulk block made from a glass-ceramic material having a crystalline phase embedded in an amorphous glass matrix. The crystalline phase includes eucryptite and at least one lithium silicate-based crystalline phase selected from the group consisting of lithium metasilicate and lithium disilicate. The dental bulk block is a functionally graded material having a crystalline size gradient with respect to a depth thereof and having no interface at a point of change in main crystalline size gradient value. The bulk block that is heat-treated at 820° C. for 40 minutes exhibits a characteristic peak of a spodumene crystalline phase in an X-ray diffraction analysis result graph unlike the bulk block that is heat-treated at 820° C. for 2 minutes.

To provide a glass plate for a window material and a window comprising the glass plate, which are less likely to be a barrier to radio transmitting/receiving in use of a radio-utilizing apparatus, and a radio communication apparatus comprising the glass plate. A glass plate having a radio transmittance of at least 20% at a frequency of 100 GHz as calculated as 18 mm thickness, a window comprising the glass plate, and a radio communication apparatus comprising the glass plate.

Disclosed in the present invention is a beam coherence eliminating element. The optical medium material of the element comprises microcrystalline glass, wherein microcrystalline particles therein have a size of 0.1-1000 nm and are distributed randomly. As the crystals in the microcrystalline glass can change the phase of light beams, the microcrystalline glass can change the phase of the light beams randomly, thereby eliminating the coherence of the beams. The crystal size of the microcrystalline glass is small, and thus does not affect the transmission efficiency of light beams. The element of the present invention has a simple structure and is convenient to use, and can be added in the process of beam transmission to easily eliminate beam coherence.

Glass-based articles that include a hydrogen-containing layer extending from the surface of the article to a depth of layer. The hydrogen-containing layer includes a hydrogen concentration that decreases from a maximum hydrogen concentration to the depth of layer. The glass-based articles exhibit a high Vickers indentation cracking threshold. Glass compositions that are selected to promote the formation of the hydrogen-containing layer and methods of forming the glass-based article are also provided.

Glass-based articles that include a hydrogen-containing layer extending from the surface of the article to a depth of layer. The hydrogen-containing layer includes a hydrogen concentration that decreases from a maximum hydrogen concentration to the depth of layer. The glass-based articles exhibit a high Vickers indentation cracking threshold. Glass compositions that are selected to promote the formation of the hydrogen-containing layer and methods of forming the glass-based article are also provided.

A heat-resistant synthetic jewelry material having a transparent, semitransparent or nontransparent composite nanocrystalline material on the basis of nanosized oxide and silicate crystalline phases. The material includes at least one of the following crystalline phases: spinel, quartz-like phases, sapphirine, enstatite, petalite-like phase, cordierite, willemite, zirconium, rutile, zirconium titanate, zirconium dioxide with a content of ions of transition elements, rare-earth elements and precious metals of from 0.001 to 4 mol %. One of the crystalline phases is additionally quartz-like solid solutions of lithium magnesium zinc aluminosilicates with a virgilite or keatite structure. The composition is selected from the following components,s SiO.sub.2, Al.sub.2O.sub.3, MgO, ZnO, Li.sub.2O, PbO, ZrO.sub.2, TiO.sub.2, NiO, CoO, CuO, Cr.sub.2O.sub.3, Bi.sub.2O.sub.3, Fe.sub.2O.sub.3, MnO.sub.2, CeO.sub.2, Nd.sub.2O.sub.3, Er.sub.2O.sub.3, Pr.sub.2O.sub.3 and Au.