A low-density, high-strength concrete composition that is lightweight and self-compacting or non-self-compacting, with a low weight-fraction of aggregate to total dry raw materials, and a highly-homogenous distribution of a non-absorptive and closed-cell lightweight aggregate such as glass microspheres or copolymer polymer beads or a combination thereof, and the steps of providing the composition or components. Lightweight concretes formed therefrom have low density, high strength-to-weight ratios, and high R-value. The concrete has strength similar to that ordinarily found in structural lightweight concrete but at a lower density, such as an oven-dried density as low as 40 lbs./cu.ft. Such strength-to-density ratios range approximately from above 30 cu.ft/sq.in. to above 110 cu.ft/sq.in., with a 28-day compressive strength ranging from about 3400 to 8000 psi.

A low-density, high-strength concrete composition that is lightweight and self-compacting or non-self-compacting, with a low weight-fraction of aggregate to total dry raw materials, and a highly-homogenous distribution of a non-absorptive and closed-cell lightweight aggregate such as glass microspheres or copolymer polymer beads or a combination thereof, and the steps of providing the composition or components. Lightweight concretes formed therefrom have low density, high strength-to-weight ratios, and high R-value. The concrete has strength similar to that ordinarily found in structural lightweight concrete but at a lower density, such as an oven-dried density as low as 40 lbs./cu.ft. Such strength-to-density ratios range approximately from above 30 cu.ft/sq.in. to above 110 cu.ft/sq.in., with a 28-day compressive strength ranging from about 3400 to 8000 psi.

A joint compound system includes a set-inhibited, pre-wetted, setting-type, ready-mix joint compound and a set initiator. The set-inhibited, pre-wetted, setting-type joint compound includes a ready-mixed, setting-type joint compound base with a calcium-free phosphate set preventing agent that impedes chemical hydration of a gypsum component of the setting-type joint compound. The joint compound base is free of calcium carbonate. The set initiator includes alum to reinitiate the chemical hydration reactions.

A joint compound system includes a set-inhibited, pre-wetted, setting-type, ready-mix joint compound and a set initiator. The set-inhibited, pre-wetted, setting-type joint compound includes a ready-mixed, setting-type joint compound base with a calcium-free phosphate set preventing agent that impedes chemical hydration of a gypsum component of the setting-type joint compound. The joint compound base is free of calcium carbonate. The set initiator includes alum to reinitiate the chemical hydration reactions.

An object is to provide an inorganic board and a method for manufacturing the same that are suited to achieving high waterproofness.

A manufacturing method of the present invention includes first to sixth steps. The first step involves depositing a raw material on a receiving plate B1 to form a first layer L1. The second step involves pressing a first portion Ma and a second portion Mb of a raw material mat M including the first layer L1 toward the receiving plate B1 to compress the first portion Ma and the second portion Mb. The first portion Ma and the second portion Mb are one end portion and the other end portion, respectively, of the raw material mat M in a first direction D1. The third step involves depositing a raw material on the first layer L1 to form a second layer L2. The fourth step involves planarizing an exposed surface of the second layer L2. The fifth step involves curing the raw material mat M pressed between the receiving plate B1 and a pressing plate B2 to form a cured plate M′ from raw material mat M. The sixth step involves processing the first portion Ma and the second portion Mb into a first back-side joint part P1 and a first front-side joint part P2, respectively. An inorganic board X1 according to the present invention includes the first back-side joint part P1 and the first front-side joint part P2 that are high-density parts.

An object is to provide an inorganic board and a method for manufacturing the same that are suited to achieving high waterproofness.

A manufacturing method of the present invention includes first to sixth steps. The first step involves depositing a raw material on a receiving plate B1 to form a first layer L1. The second step involves pressing a first portion Ma and a second portion Mb of a raw material mat M including the first layer L1 toward the receiving plate B1 to compress the first portion Ma and the second portion Mb. The first portion Ma and the second portion Mb are one end portion and the other end portion, respectively, of the raw material mat M in a first direction D1. The third step involves depositing a raw material on the first layer L1 to form a second layer L2. The fourth step involves planarizing an exposed surface of the second layer L2. The fifth step involves curing the raw material mat M pressed between the receiving plate B1 and a pressing plate B2 to form a cured plate M′ from raw material mat M. The sixth step involves processing the first portion Ma and the second portion Mb into a first back-side joint part P1 and a first front-side joint part P2, respectively. An inorganic board X1 according to the present invention includes the first back-side joint part P1 and the first front-side joint part P2 that are high-density parts.

Methods of forming cement pastes, methods of forming concrete, and methods of forming other compositions using mineral particles formed from the one or more of biomineralizing microorganisms and biomineralizing microorganisms. Desired features, such as size and morphology, can be controlled by controlling growth parameters of the biomineralizing microorganisms and biomineralizing microorganisms.

Methods of forming cement pastes, methods of forming concrete, and methods of forming other compositions using mineral particles formed from the one or more of biomineralizing microorganisms and biomineralizing microorganisms. Desired features, such as size and morphology, can be controlled by controlling growth parameters of the biomineralizing microorganisms and biomineralizing microorganisms.

Expansive cement compositions for use in subterranean wellbores that include a monophase amorphous hydraulic binder material (MAHBM). The MAHBM may include a plurality of particles having a silica core and an amorphous coating substantially surrounding the silica core. The coating may comprise, for example, a plurality of amorphous α-dicalcium silicate hydrate nanoparticles or microparticles. The MAHBM may be used as an expansion agent in a cement composition or used as an expansive cement by itself.

Expansive cement compositions for use in subterranean wellbores that include a monophase amorphous hydraulic binder material (MAHBM). The MAHBM may include a plurality of particles having a silica core and an amorphous coating substantially surrounding the silica core. The coating may comprise, for example, a plurality of amorphous α-dicalcium silicate hydrate nanoparticles or microparticles. The MAHBM may be used as an expansion agent in a cement composition or used as an expansive cement by itself.