A method of preparing a carbonated supplementary cementitious materials, includes carbonating the carbonatable mixture to obtain a first carbonated cementitious material, milling the first carbonated cementitious material, and carbonating the milled mixture to obtain the carbonated supplementary cementitious material.

A method of preparing a carbonated supplementary cementitious materials, includes carbonating the carbonatable mixture to obtain a first carbonated cementitious material, milling the first carbonated cementitious material, and carbonating the milled mixture to obtain the carbonated supplementary cementitious material.

Method and apparatus for transforming organic and inorganic solid urban waste into aggregates, comprising an extruding machine connected to a reactor. The extruding machine is formed by an extrusion cylinder through which a piston circulates inside an extrusion cavity, which comprises three sections and is fed with a parget obtained after pre-processing the waste. The end of the third section is connected to the reactor through an opening. The reactors longitudinal shaft is formed by a rotatory steel shaft in which some steel blades are arranged, whose ends play the roles of cutting, hammering, punching and hydraulic helix as they rotate. Between the end of the blades and the wall of the reactor, there is a clearance of more than 0.1 mm of thickness. The reactor has a discharge valve to discharge the parget present in the boundary area through some openings, once it has been processed by a series of pressure, vibration energy and decompression cycles.

Method and apparatus for transforming organic and inorganic solid urban waste into aggregates, comprising an extruding machine connected to a reactor. The extruding machine is formed by an extrusion cylinder through which a piston circulates inside an extrusion cavity, which comprises three sections and is fed with a parget obtained after pre-processing the waste. The end of the third section is connected to the reactor through an opening. The reactors longitudinal shaft is formed by a rotatory steel shaft in which some steel blades are arranged, whose ends play the roles of cutting, hammering, punching and hydraulic helix as they rotate. Between the end of the blades and the wall of the reactor, there is a clearance of more than 0.1 mm of thickness. The reactor has a discharge valve to discharge the parget present in the boundary area through some openings, once it has been processed by a series of pressure, vibration energy and decompression cycles.

A method for forming a treated reclaimed bottom ash sand and a treated reclaimed bottom ash sand. The method includes providing reclaimed bottom ash sand. The reclaimed bottom ash sand is contacted with an aqueous composition having 0.5 to 3.0 M NaOH for a time greater than about 4 hours. The NaOH contacted reclaimed bottom ash sand is rinsed and decanted and iron is removed to form a treated reclaimed bottom ash sand having reduced hydrogen formation in concrete compared to the hydrogen formation of concrete utilizing reclaimed bottom ash sand. The treated reclaimed bottom ash sand includes reactive aluminum of less than 50% by weight of the reactive aluminum in the reclaimed bottom ash sand and the treated reclaimed bottom ash sand includes less than 2 wt % iron. A concrete formed from the treated reclaimed bottom ash sand is also disclosed.

A method for forming a treated reclaimed bottom ash sand and a treated reclaimed bottom ash sand. The method includes providing reclaimed bottom ash sand. The reclaimed bottom ash sand is contacted with an aqueous composition having 0.5 to 3.0 M NaOH for a time greater than about 4 hours. The NaOH contacted reclaimed bottom ash sand is rinsed and decanted and iron is removed to form a treated reclaimed bottom ash sand having reduced hydrogen formation in concrete compared to the hydrogen formation of concrete utilizing reclaimed bottom ash sand. The treated reclaimed bottom ash sand includes reactive aluminum of less than 50% by weight of the reactive aluminum in the reclaimed bottom ash sand and the treated reclaimed bottom ash sand includes less than 2 wt % iron. A concrete formed from the treated reclaimed bottom ash sand is also disclosed.

Various examples are provided related to manufacturing portland cement with thermal plasma. In one example, a method includes providing a raw kiln feed to a plasma arc gasification kiln; and forming clinker by heating the raw kiln feed in the plasma arc gasification kiln. The raw kiln feed can be heated with a plasma plume supplied with argon gas to a temperature in a range from about 1800° C. to about 3000° C. In another example, a system includes a kiln feed system and a plasma arc gasification kiln that receives raw kiln feed from the kiln feed system and heats the raw kiln feed with a plasma plume to form clinker. The system can include a clinker processing system configured to process the formed clinker to produce portland cement.

Various examples are provided related to manufacturing portland cement with thermal plasma. In one example, a method includes providing a raw kiln feed to a plasma arc gasification kiln; and forming clinker by heating the raw kiln feed in the plasma arc gasification kiln. The raw kiln feed can be heated with a plasma plume supplied with argon gas to a temperature in a range from about 1800° C. to about 3000° C. In another example, a system includes a kiln feed system and a plasma arc gasification kiln that receives raw kiln feed from the kiln feed system and heats the raw kiln feed with a plasma plume to form clinker. The system can include a clinker processing system configured to process the formed clinker to produce portland cement.

This invention provides a co-disposal pollution control method of municipal solid waste and fly ash leached by membrane concentrate, obtained residue and application thereof. A co-disposal pollution control method of municipal solid waste and fly ash leached by membrane concentrate, comprising the following steps: heat treating the mixture of leached ash and municipal solid waste at 800-1100° C. to obtain residue; the leaching ash is fly ash after being leached with membrane concentrate. The invention solves the problems existed in the co-disposal treatment of membrane concentrate, incineration fly ash and municipal solid waste, and the leaching toxicity of the ash leached by the membrane concentrated solution is reduced, moreover, the leaching concentration of heavy metals in the residue obtained after the leaching treatment is treated with municipal solid waste at medium and high temperature, and the residue obtained after heat treatment can be used as building materials.

The present disclosure provides efficient and cost-effective methods for producing synthetic soil and synthetic stone from waste, including inorganic waste and organic waste, through a hydrolysis-polycondensation process.